On The Polytonality Of Zhang Xianliang's Novels

The paper is based on the Bakhtin's polyphony theory and the narrative theory,takes the polytonality of Zhang Xianliang's novels as the research object,studies the polyphonyness of novel's thoughts,the polyphonic quality of novel's narration,and finally excavates Zhang Xianliang's complex and changeable thoughts behind the polyphonic narration.In addition to the introduction and conclusion,the paper is divided into three parts.The first part discusses the polyphonyness of novel's thoughts.There are five groups of obvious ideological conflicts in Zhang Xianliang's novels,which truly show people's hesitation,struggle and even despair when facing life and death,or at the emotional crossroads of easy and hard.They are respectively death and survival,the evil and kindness of human nature,being indifference and having affection,the desire and reason in love,keeping the negative or positive attitudes of life,being free and cynicism.Among them,the goodness of humanity includes the repentant consciousness,which gradually changes from a awakening sense of human nature to a kind of morality.In the romantic relationship,there is not only the conflict between desire and rationality,but also the gap between "real love" and "ideal love",which makes people fall into ambivalent feeling,such as the struggling between spirit and flesh or the "Wei Cheng" mentality.The second part discusses the polytonality of novel's narration.In order to show the complexity of the novel's thoughts,Zhang Xianliang used a variety of artistic design and techniques,showing the polyphonic quality of novel's narration which can be sum up as the "large-scale dialogue" space and the "miniature dialogue" space.Firstly,the "large-scale dialogue" space is established through the "counterpoint" of the structure between novel and novel,and the transformation of the narrative mode of novels.Secondly,the "miniature dialogue" space is established through the dialogues between character and character,character and author,character himselves,character and "something".The third part discusses Zhang Xianliang's thoughts behind the polyphonic narration.The polyphonyness of Zhang Xianliang's novels reflects the complexity and changeability of his spirit.Zhang Xianliang has resentment and repentant consciousness,rational open mind and romantic ideals of family and country,cynicism and sober serious,but also the practical thinking throughout his whole life.Moreover,these complex and divided thoughts have undergone transmutation,reflecting his spiritual track and deciding his transformation to the social practice.The point of the paper is that Zhang Xianliang's novels show a rich heart world of different people.However,Zhang Xianliang's spiritual ballast remained on secular objects consciously and unconsciously,and gradually lost his concern about deep humanity,becaming a "historical" writer who can hardly return.