A Study On Tujia Literati Poetry In Southest Chongqing Of Ming And Qing Dynasties

The Tujia has no written words itself,so its literary literature is written in Chinese characters.The Tujia people in Chongqing mainly live in four counties: Qianjiang,Youyang,Xiushan,Pengshui and Shizhu in Southeast Chongqing.Local literary poems sprouted in the Southern Song Dynasty,and a large number of poems began in the middle of the Ming Dynasty.This thesis begins with the discussion of the emergence and development of Tujia literati poems in this area and takes the Tujia literati poems in Southeast Chongqing of the Ming and Qing dynasties as research objects.The full text consists of five chapters.Apart from the preface,the author discusses the creative groups,ideological contents,artistic features,and cultural connotations of Tujia literati poems in Southeast Chongqing during the Ming and Qing Dynasties,in order to fully grasp their artistic achievements and creative psychology,and to deepen the understanding of Tujia literature treasure house.Throughout the development path of Tujia literati poems in Southeast Chongqing,its creative groups can be mainly divided into the clan literati in Tusi period and the Tusi descendants and needy imperial examination literati after the bureaucratization of native officers.After Ran Yun,the Youyang Xuanfu,who was the earliest to create poems in this region,generations of poets in this region created a large number of poetic works that were rich in content,aplenty in art,and full of ideas.Due to the great changes in the historical background and political status,the works of the two major creative groups showed vast differences in the content of their thoughts: Tusi clan literati poems were mainly based on landscape painting,singing and responding,in which only Ran Tianyu’s works were unique for strong ideology;the Tujia poets in the middle and late Qing Dynasty were cherished with the country,concerned about people’s livelihood and bitterness,and lamented the circumstances of life,and displayed the unique features of poetry in the end of feudal society.In order to express rich ideological contents,Tujia poets in Southeast Chongqing used various poetic forms such as ancient poetry,metrical poetry,and bamboo branch poetry.They often quoted the nice words and beautiful sentences of former and modern people as well asthey were good at using historical allusions of the Han ethnicity.Many poets also significantly adored Yuan Mei,and created a large number of works with sincerity marking the "spirit" banner.Rich creative practice had also led Tujia poets in Southeast Chongqing hold their own opinions on the meaning of poetry.Chen Ruxie,Ran Zhengzao and others put forward their own poetic theory in their poems.The poetry of Tujia literati in Southeast Chongqing showed the artistic characteristics deeply influenced by Han culture and literature,and thus reflected the historical process of the cultural blending between Tujia and Han.As minority literary works,Tujia literati poems in Southeast Chongqing are full of a sense of belonging to the nation.Poets portrayed regional folk customs and expressed their preference for regional customs through poetry,and they subconsciously respected and imitated local cultural elites in their creations.At the same time,they recalled the Han history and Han sages in their works,respected and loved the Han scholars they came in contact with,and traveled among the Han Confucianism,Buddhism,and Taoism based on their needs,showed their admiration of the Han culture and recognition of their identity as a descendant of the Yellow Emperor.In this way,the poetry of Tujia literati in Southeast Chongqing not only blended into the mainstream of poetry,but also had regional national characteristics.With obvious characteristics of different times,they showed rich aesthetic interest and cultural connotation.