Processing Time And Self-discrepancy Affects College Students' Attentional Bias Of Emotional Information

The relationship between self-discrepancy,emotion and mental health has always been the focus of psychologists.A unified and stable self-concept plays an important role in individual mental health.The theory of self-discrepancy claims that when there are discrepancy between different self states,it is easy to cause anxiety,depression and other bad emotions,such as when the discrepancy between ideal-self and actual-self is too high,it will cause individual and depression and other related emotions.Attention is the foundation and primary link of all kinds of cognitive processing activities.In the face of all kinds of complex emotional information,individual's attention cognition and emotional information processing time will affect individual's attention processing mode and biased characteristics,The theory of self-schema suggests that individuals with negative self-schema are more likely to pay attention to negative information related to self,which has a negative impact on self-concept and emotion.However,there are still many arguments about the effect of self-discrepancy on individual attentional processing bias.Therefore,based on the theory of self-discrepancy,the theory of attention cognitive resources,the theory of self-schema,and the related research results of predecessors,the current research explores the influence of self-discrepancy and the processing time of emotional information on the emotional attention bias of college students through the combination of behavioral response experiment and eye movement tracking technology.In experiment 1,we investigated the attentional bias of emotional information to individuals with different levels of self-discrepancy under different processing time,and selected cue-target paradigm.The experimental design was a mixed experimental design of 2(self-discrepancy: high / low)× 3(emotional type: positive / neutral / negative)× 2(cue type: high / low).42 students with different levels of self-discrepancy were selected in batches from 281 college students in the experiment,the subjects were asked to watch emotional information pictures and make corresponding key reactions under different presentation time.In experiment 2,eye movement tracking technology was used to continue to explore the attention bias characteristics of college students with self-discrepancy in the process of emotional information processing.In the mixed experiment design of 2(self-discrepancy: high / low)× 3(emotional type: positive / neutral / negative),45 college students with different levels of self-discrepancy were selected from 74 college students to participate in the experiment.The results show that,under the condition of short-term and long-term information processing,the self-discrepancy level of college students has no significant influence on the attention bias of emotional information,while under the condition of long-term,compared with the low self-discrepancy level of individuals,the high self-discrepancy level group has attention bias on negative emotional information;the high and low self-discrepancy level college students have the first attention bias on emotional information pictures in the early stage of attention There was no significant difference in first fixation duration and gaze duration time,but in the later stage of attention,the total fixation time of negative emotional information was longer in individuals with high self-discrepancy level,and longer in groups with low self-discrepancy level.The current research enriches the research on self-discrepancy,which is helpful for school system,media and relevant researchers to formulate or propose targeted guidance and intervention directions.