The Research On Paul Lafarge's Interpretation And Application,Development Of Historical Materialism

Paul Lafarge is one of the most representative figures of the disseminators of Marxism in the second international period.His thought plays a connecting role in the whole history of Marxism development,especially his exposition of historical materialism.Therefore,this paper takes Lafarge's interpretation and application,development of historical materialism as the research object,and discusses his thought of historical materialism in a more specific way,and analyzes what is the propaganda and beneficial supplement to Marx's historical materialism in Lafarge's interpretation and application,development of historical materialism,what is the distortion of Marx's historical materialism,and the Contemporary Enlightenment of Lafarge's interpretation and application,development of historical materialism.Firstly,this paper expounds the subjective and objective conditions of Lafarge's turning to materialism and becoming a firm Marxist.Lafarge is in an era of new changes in capitalist society,from free competition capitalism to monopoly capitalism and then to imperialism.At the same time,the persecution of the industrial proletariat is becoming more and more serious.The contradiction between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat has gradually become the main social contradiction.The working class has begun to have a sense of resistance,and the working movement has been rising and developing vigorously.At the same time,Marxist theory came into being and well combined with the practice of the workers' movement.The new development of these capitalist societies and the new changes of the working class provide an objective possibility for Lafarge to accept and develop historical materialism.Of course,Lafarge's ability to interpret and apply historical materialism of development is also related to his own factors.His deep international communist complex provides the ideological basis for him to accept and spread Marxist historical materialism.In addition,he can accept the direct instruction of Marx and Engels modestly,correct his own wrong views,change from Proudhonism,Blanquism and Positivism to Marxism,and become a real Marxist.And can still stand in the position of Marxism to analyze problems under the circumstances of suffering from various persecutions.The above subjective conditions provided him with subjective possibility to accept and defend the historical materialism.Secondly,This paper expounds the main contents of Lafarge's interpretation and application,development of historical materialism in detail.Through the elaboration,defense,application and development of historical materialism,Lafarge has achieved the inheritance and reasonable supplement of Marxist historical materialism.Lafarge elaborated the inevitability,scientificity and revolution of the historical materialism and the basic content of the historical materialism,revealed the objective law of the development of human society,and confirmed that the social existence determines the social consciousness.He also criticizes and counterattacks the idea of attacking historical materialism,refutes the fallacy of the bourgeoisie about the permanence of private property,criticizes religion,especially the religion of capital,and well defends the basic principles of Marxist historical materialism.At the same time,we can find that the process of Lafarge's interpretation and defense of historical materialism involves property origin,ideological origin,religion and other fields.In addition,there are three creatively applications that cannot be ignored: the first is the application of historical materialism in the theory of imperialism;the second is the application of historical materialism in aesthetic issues;and the third is the application of historical materialism in the history of language;It is worth mentioning that Lafarge first introduced the theory of "two environments" into the historical materialism,made a new elaboration on the relationship between social existence and social consciousness,and made a new contribution to the development of Marxist historical materialism.Thirdly,this paper discusses Lafarge's distortion of historical materialism.Although Lafarge is a firm Marxist,he has a tendency to misinterpret the historical materialism in the process of researching,inheriting and developing it.For example,he named the historical materialism "economic materialism" with the tendency of economic determinism;he could not thoroughly and comprehensively study and inherit the historical materialism of Marx;he only saw the decisive role of environment in the process of introducing the environmental theory into the historical materialism,and ignored that human is the subject of changing the environment,with the tendency of environmental determinism.Finally,this paper analyzes the practical enlightenment of Lafarge's interpretation and application,development of historical materialism.No matter from the positive aspect of Lafarge's interpretation of historical materialism or from the limitation of Lafarge's interpretation of historical materialism,it has certain practical enlightenment for promoting the modernization of socialism with Chinese characteristics and researching,inheriting and developing Marxist thought under the condition of today's cultural diversity and increasingly concealed bourgeois consciousness.At the same time,this paper analyzes the historical value of Lafarge's interpretation and application,development of historical materialism in the summary part.Although there are some deficiencies in Lafarge's propaganda and development of historical materialism,he is still a brave fighter in propagating and defending historical materialism.Whether in the past,the present,or the future,his works on historical materialism are of great significance.Paul Lafarge not only expanded the spread of historical materialism,but also combined it with the International Workers' movement to guide the International Workers' movement,especially in France.The study of Paul Lafarge's interpretation and application of historical materialism can not only provide theoretical materials for the study and enrichment of Marxist theory,but also provide positive and negative lessons for the opening up of a new realm of Marxist theory.