| China has embarked on a path of rapid urbanization,urban development is changing rapidly,“low-carbon city” “smart city” “intelligent transportation" and other new urban development concept are deeply rooted among the people.In the new period,the scales of China’s cities is getting bigger and bigger,and infrastructure construction has been greatly improved,which did let people have a good yearning for the city.However,throughout China’s urban current situation,serious environmental pollution,traffic congestion,the rapid expansion of urban population and a series of urban problems from China’s first-tier cities began to spread to other large and medium cities.Urban traffic is not only an important supporting system for urban economic development and operation,but also a major source of urban air pollutants.Due to the influence of the factors such as the urban traffic congestion and commuting distance increases for city’s expansion,urban residents commute time prolonged and spend a lot of time on the road that this is not only a waste of people’s time,but also impact on the residents’ sense of belonging and happiness for the city’s,and affect the image of the city.In general,the contours of the urban built-up area and the size of the urban builtup area will have an impact on urban commuting.As far as urban contour is concerned,a city like a "pie like shape" is longer than a city along the river along the river;in terms of urban area,the greater the built-up area is,the longer the city’s commuting distance is.Therefore,Relying mainly on urban built city,The city built-up area and built-up area of equivalent circle radius of circumcircle radius will quantify the outline of the city urban construction,the city urban construction area is,.First of all,using remote sensing technology deal with the nighttime light which is DMSP/OLS,through the Google earth image in 2015 and China’s basic geographic data for approval and rectification,and finally get the scope of urban built-up area.Then,according to the calculation model of urban commuting time,calculate the commuting time.Finally,select the per capita GDP,total population of districts under city at year-end,area of city paved roads at year-end,annual passenger volume per bus(tram),number of taxis at year-end,per capita area of paved roads,density of population in municipal districts,possession of private Vehicles 8 index and commuting time to do Pearson correlation analysis.This essay finally comes to the following conclusions:(1)The average commuting distance of Chinese cities is divided into four grades: "Near","Nearer","far" and " Farther " according to the four percentile method.There are cities in the "Farther" level including Shanghai,Beijing,Guangzhou,Chongqing,Dongguan,Shenzhen,Nanjing,Ji’nan,Wuhan,Dalian,Shenyang,Hangzhou,Chengdu,Tianjin,Suzhou,Yantai,Ningbo,Kunming,Qingdao,Harbin,Changsha,Xi’an,Wuxi,Urumqi,Changchun,most of which are cities directly under the central government and the provincial capitals.There are cities in the "Near" level including Sanya,Cangzhou,Xingtai,Deyang,Xinxiang,Zhaoqing,Zhangzhou,Langfang,Handan,Zhangjiakou,Nanchong,Dezhou,Qinhuangdao,Suqian,Chuzhou,Jinhua,Zhanjiang,Nanyang,Shaoguan,Jiaxing,Xianyang,Tai’an,Baoding,most of which are third tier cities.(2)The average commuting speed of Chinese cities is divided into four grades,namely "slower","slow","fast" and " faster",according to the four percentile method.There are cities in the "slower" level including Beijing,Yinchuan,Hohhot,Urumqi,Shanghai,Guangzhou,Xi’an,Shijiazhuang,Qinhuangdao,Chengdu,Haikou,Shenyang,Kunming,Xining,Lanzhou,Harbin,Nanning,Taiyuan,Nanjing,Ji’nan,Zhangjiakou,Changsha,Guiyang,Wuhan,Sanya;There are cities in the "faster" level including Quanzhou,Nantong,Chongqing,Jinhua,Taizhou,Shaoxing,Suzhou,Xinxiang,Yancheng,Zhangzhou,Taizhou,Jiaxing,Yangzhou,Suqian,Tai’an,Dongguan,Huzhou,Huizhou,Zhenjiang,Jining,Wenzhou,Baoding,Huai’an,Zhongshan,most of which are on the eastern coast.The main reason may be the urban traffic system construction can not meet people’s travel requirements due to the large proportion of the population.(3)Characteristic parameters of commuting time data display that the average working time of 100 cities in China is about 33.46 minutes,and the data is more dispersed.The difference of commuting time is not obvious in most cities,because city commuting time less than the average level of city accounted for 62%,and only Beijing,Shanghai,Chongqing,Guangzhou,Shenzhen city and other individual data affects the stability of the whole data.(4)The space distribution map of commuting time in cities can directly show that commute time is higher in municipalities directly under the central government and most provincial capitals,and the average commuting time is less than half an hour,and the average commuting time is generally higher in first-tier cities and developed second-tier cities.(5)Pearson correlation analysis showed,urban commute time showed a significant correlation with the density of population in municipal districts and annual passenger volume per bus(tram),and is in a weak correlation with the per capita GDP,Number of Taxis at Year-end,Per Capita Area of Paved Roads,Possession of Private Vehicles.Among them,commuting time is positively correlated with the density of population,the per capita GDP,the number of Number of Taxis at Year-end,and Possession of Private Vehicles,which shows that the higher the level of the city’s economy and the greater the population density of urban areas and the more the number of taxis and private cars,the longer urban average commute time expand.Commute time is negative correlated with annual passenger volume per bus(tram)and per capita area of paved roads,which show that It is an important measure to reduce the commuting time of the city to build the urban traffic roads,improve the urban road system,and give priority to the development of public transport. |
