Research On The Political Transformation Of Spain In The 1970s

The political transformation of Spain in the 1970 s was recognized as the beginning of the third wave of democratization and has global significance.In this transitional process,Spain has been transformed from a country with acute social contradictions,constant conspiracy of military coups,active terrorism,and political turmoil to a peaceful and steadily developing democracy.Compared with other countries that had undergone political transformation during the same or even later period,Spain's political transformation in the 1970 s should be said to be more successful and worthy of study.This article intends to specifically discuss this.This article mainly discusses from the following four parts:Firstly,summarizing the historical background of the political transformation of Spain in the 1970 s.Its international background is mainly included four aspects: the global oil crisis,religious reforms,the influence of the European Economic Community,and the influence of political transitions in Portugal and Greece.Its domestic background is mainly divided into five areas: internal division of power,economic development and economic crisis,relatively open news media,intensified social conflicts,and active role of political elites.Secondly,Combining the process of political transformation in Spain in the 1970 s and its features.The political transition in Spain mainly experienced the following four stages: the period of democratic transition from 1974 to 1976,the initial establishment of the democratic system from 1976 to 1979,the period of crisis from 1979 to 1982,and the period of steady development after the consolidation of democracy from 1982 onwards.The characteristics of Spain's political transition are mainly reflected in the fact that the government's internal reformists are leading the way;all parties have the power to negotiate and compromise;the transitional approach is peaceful and rapid;the system is democratized;the political situation is stable;and the transition affects the world.Thirdly,analyzing the achievements and existing problems in the Spanish political transition in the 1970 s.Its achievements are mainly reflected in the establishment of a democratic election system;the steady development of multi-party politics;the formation of the separation of powers model;the contradictions between ethnic conflicts and the central and local governments;the political stability and the improvement of international status.Its problems are manifested in the fact that the military reform process is slow,the party system needs to be improved,and ethnic conflicts have not been resolved.Finally,exploring the enlightenment of the political transition in Spain in the 1970 s on the democratic transition in developing countries.The article points out that Spain's experience in enlightening the political transformation of developing countries mainly includes: Political transformation must take the direction of democratization as its basic goal;negotiation and compromise are effective ways to ensure the success of political transition;democratization actually helps the country's Political stability and long-term stability.