Research On The Governance Model Of Cults In China

Cult is a social and cultural phenomenon with social harmfulness that exists universally all over the world.Since the last century,the activities of cult organizations have become more and more intense,which has brought great impact on the social order and human rights protection of all countries,and has become a social problem that governments must face prudently.Our country has thousands of years of historical tradition in the governance of cults.Based on the understanding of the nature of cults,a priority governance model of "state punishment" has been formed,a strict legal system for the punishment of cults has been formulated,a perfect cult governance institution has been set up,and the state power has also been deeply involved in the education and correction of cult members.Since the ban of Falungong cult organizations,there have been new changes and trends in cult activities.The spreading areas have shifted from rural areas to urban areas,the objects of development have shifted from the masses to the elites,the ways of influence have shifted from off-line to on-line,and the aims of behavior have shifted from single to multiple.Thus,the traditional "state punishment" priority of cult governance model is not only difficult to cope with the new changes in cult crime,but also difficult to help the personnel involved in the transformation of cults faster,and it is also difficult to completely eradicate the soil where cults breed.We must fundamentally change the congenital defects of the "state punishment" model and construct a new model of cult governance with the adaptability of the times,so as to ensure the security of the national society and the happiness of the people's lives.Although there are many objective factors,such as different national conditions,different systems and different understanding of cults,between China and the European and American countries,we can still draw inspiration from the governance model of cults in these countries.Firstly,we should dilute the conceptual disputes between cults and religions and pragmatically eliminate the harm of cults;secondly,we should attach importance to the role of civil norms as an important supplement to administrative forces;thirdly,we should highlight the overall responsibility of the government,especially in the field of cultural and educational guidance;fourthly,we should develop the strength of civil society and introduce social participation mechanism to solve the social problems arising from cults.Whether it is the promotion of political reform or the demand of social reality,China is required to build a new balanced cult governance model of "powerful state and powerful society".This model draws lessons from the advanced experience of foreign countries.Based on the theory of "state-society" governance and "soft law",it not only strengthens"state punishment" continuously,but also vigorously develops "social correction".On the one hand,we should improve the design of the existing legal system to punish cults and strengthen the applicability of administrative,civil and criminal legal nojrms;on the other hand,we should construct a new "social correction" system to form a multi-prevention and control mechanism and remedy path of anti-cults involving families,communities,schools and society.From the perspective of "state-society" governance theory,anti-cult associations are a kind of social force.They participate in the governance of cults through soft law mechanism,forming the basic methods of work,summing up the basic experience of work,and also highly verifying the scientific and effective of the balanced governance model of"powerful state and powerful society".