The Study Of Predatory Pricing In Two-Sided Markets

The development of two-sided markets theory has brought new challenges to the theory and practice of anti-monopoly.With the upsurge in the study of two-sided markets theory,the determination of predatory pricing is also facing a new situation.The two-sided markets are a platform that uses different pricing strategies for both users to collect different prices and thus affect the platform transaction volume to obtain maximum benefits.The main characteristics are that the platform organization has multiple parties involved,there are dependencies between buyers and sellers;network externalities;non-neutrality and asymmetry of price structure.The traditional predatory pricing definition is that a market-dominant enterprise adopts a method of lowering the cost of sales to achieve the purpose of rejecting competitors,and excluding competitors from the market to increase the price of products or services.The main components include the dominant position in the main body,the objectively adopting the pricing behavior below the cost,the subjective intention of rejecting the competitors,and the possible consequences of compromising the competition.The characteristics of the two-sided markets indicate that it is different from the traditional one-sided market.Therefore,the difference between the predatory pricing in the two-sided markets and the traditional one-sided market also leads to the predicament of predatory pricing behavior,including the market dominance of the perpetrator.The judgment method no longer has full applicability,the cost standard shows the limitation,the judgment of subjective intention is more difficult,and the consideration of the influence of the possibility of compromising the competition is more complicated.Through the use of literature analysis,case analysis and comparative analysis,the article puts forward suggestions for the determination of predatory pricing in the two-sided markets.It should be improved from the following aspects: the market dominant position of the behavior subject,the improvement demand substitution method And assuming the monopolist test method,weakening the definition of the relevant market,determining the predatory pricing behavior subject qualification by financial standards;improving the Areeda–Turner Test in terms of cost standards,taking bilateral consideration into account,The weighted cost is compared with the weighted price;the improvement of the over-cost pricing determination rule,the pricing above the cost may also constitute a plunder.At this time,according to the behavior of the incumbent,the enterprise greatly reduces the product price and improves the product quality.It is alsoexclusive to deal with entry.In terms of the subjective intention of the actor,the subjective intention of the predator in the two-sided markets is derived and judged according to different situations.In addition,the actor's statement,memorandum,and business financial record can be used as indirect evidence to prove subjective intention;the impact of compromising the possibility of competition on the other hand,the adverse effects of predatory pricing behavior on consumer welfare in the two-sided markets,especially the choice of consumers,make the choice of consumers limited is also a manifestation of damage.