"Voice" In Procedural Justice

As one of the important factors affecting subjective procedural justice,"voice" has always been the focus of researchers.Since the discovery of the effect of "voice" in the procedure,in the following four decades,foreign researchers have conducted in-depth explorations of the effects of "voice" in different fields.Since "voice" is only a factor of procedural justice,this "trivial" problem has not attracted the attention of Chinese researchers.This paper uses the literature research method and the comparative research method.The main ideas,viewpoints and methods of foreign researchers on this issue are clarified by reviewing the research on "voice" outside the domain,and discusses the significance of"voice" research on the perfection of procedural justice theory in light of China's actual problems and academic research status.The paper is structured as follows:First of all,it introduces the connotation of the word "voice".The"voice" has different names in the research of different disciplines,but the connotations are basically similar,that is,the opportunity of participants of the procedure to express their opinions in the decision-making process."Voice" plays an important role in the participants' psychological assessment of procedural fairness.Participants who are given "voice" will give a higher evaluation of the degree of fairness of the procedures they experienced.This effect is "voice effect".Secondly,it introduces the classification of the effect of "voice".The instrumental effect and value-expressive effect of "voice" are generated according to different "voice" motives.The instrumental effect of "voice"can indirectly influence the decision result,and the value-expressive effect of "voice" can directly affect people's attitude and intention.The two are independent but often interact,affecting people's judgment on the fairness of the decision process.In the restricted "voice" procedure,the expression of the participants is limited by the decision maker,and the effect of the "voice" will be weakened but will not disappear.The "Voice"information in the explicit mute procedure obviously has a negative effect.Next,unlike the general analysis above,the "voice" is placed in two specific environments for analysis in these two parts.In judicial practice,"voice" is conducive to improving the acceptability of judicial outcomes and judicial credibility,but unrestricted "voice" sometimes hinders the formation of statutory evidence.In the judicial process,whether the opinions of the parties will be fully considered by the judicial authorities and the favorable and unfavorable results of the judicial results are factors that influence the existence and strength of the "voice" effect in judicial practice.In an organizational environment,"voice" helps to increase employee motivation and organizational efficiency,but too many"voices" can lead to interpersonal friction and ineffective costs.In the organizational process,the personal uncertainty of employees and the personal abilities of employees and managers all influence the existence and strength of the "voice" effect.Finally,it summarizes and analyzes the implications of the conclusions and methods of extraterritorial "voice" research on domestic research,and further explores the direction in which future ""voice"research can proceed.