Research On The Power Supervision Of The Opposition To The Ruling Party In The United Kingdom

In the United Kingdom,the ruling party,the parliament and the cabinet are a trinity.The ruling party holds both the legislative power and the executive power.In order to prevent the excessive power of parliament from leading to arbitrary decisions,the British constitutional convention gives the party which occupies second most seat in the parliament considerable power to supervise the ruling party.Based on Bolingbroke's opposition theory,this paper starts with the definition and history of the opposition party in Britain,and analyzes the supervision methods and effectiveness of the Opposition to the ruling party.In view of the lack of a unified definition of the concept of the Opposition in Britain by domestic scholars,the author elaborated on the different definitions of the concept of the Opposition in Britain by domestic and foreign scholars,and defined in this paper as the party that occupies second most seats in British parliamentary elections.Throughout the history of democratic politics in Britain,the Opposition have played an important role.The author divides the historical process of the formation and development of the Opposition into three periods:(1)from the end of the 17th century to the 1860s:the embryonic period;(2)1860s to early 1800s:organized opposition party;(3)from the beginning of the 19th century to the present:Her Majesty's Most Loyal Opposition.The existence of the Opposition and the supervision of the ruling party are the remarkable characteristics of British party politics,which have profound theoretical basis.The development history of the Opposition is also the development history of the Opposition theory.Political scientists represented by Bolingbroke carried out theoretical elaboration on the legitimacy of the existence of the opposition party,justified the name of the opposition party,and proposed the activity mode of the opposition party.Based on the three ways of opposition activities proposed by Bolingbroke and others,the author analyzes the ways of the Opposition to supervise the ruling party and the actual effectiveness they can achieve from the three dimensions of strengthening the opposition parties'own strength,supervising and urging the government to take action and gaining political power.Can be found through the analysis that the British constitution provide financial support for the Opposition and the high cohesion of the Opposition to supervise the intrinsic motivation.Question,supervision committees and debate,especially Opposition Day give the Opposition a chance to criticize the government and come up with their own proposition.Shadow Cabinet and non-confidence motion are direct threats to the ruling party.We can conclude that although the Opposition fails to grasp the power,it still plays a decisive role in the political life in Britain due to the power granted by the constitutional convention and forms a strong supervision of the ruling party.