Research On The Problems And Countermeasures Of The Special Fund System For Letters And Visits From The Perspective Of Institutional Change

As the basis for the construction of a socialist harmonious society in China,the work of letters-and-visits is the important task for the Communist Party of China to develop democratie politics and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the people.It is also an important channel for the Party and the government to maintain close ties with the masses,and reflects the party's mass line and strategy of ruling the country.Since the founding of letters-and-visits work in China,it has assumed the political function of collecting social conditions ancd public opinions and the right relief function of safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of the masses.In order to better exert the right relief function of the letters-and-visits system and effectively safeguard and resolve the legitimate rights and interests of the petitioners,the Joint Office of the Central Letters-and-Visits Work and the Ministry of Finance established the "special fund for solving special difficult letters-and-visits,(called "special fund for letters-and-visits" for short)in 2009.Special fimd for letters-and-visits are used to solve special cases of letters-and-visits petitions that have been accumulated for a long time,and been pending and difficult to divide the main body of responsibility.The establishment of special fund for letters-and-visits makes up for the inadequacy of the "fragmentation"system of China's social assistance system.And it plays a positive role in solving the legitimate appeals of the petitioners,strengthening the relationship between the party and groups,and building a socialist harmonious society,which achieves the "system equilibrium" state.However,due to the deviation of institutional functions in the change of letters-and-visits system and the lack of "stratification,characteristics of the special fund,there was a phenomenon of "pay for peace" during the operation of special fund for letters-and-visits.The phenomenon has led to negative consequences.For example,the solution to the reasonable appeal of letters-and-visits has been affected and the non-standard use of procedures has resulted in the lack of "process control".And the“unbalanced system,status began to appear.The article pays attention to the implementation effect,existing problems and the causes of the special fund management system for letters-and-visits,and uses the analysis tools such as institutional change theory in the new institutional economics theory.By combining theories of civil rights relief,social exclusion and stratification management,the article specifically analyzes the implementation achievements of special fund for letters-and-visits and the problems existing in the operation.Furthermore,the article provides two approaches to solve the existing problems.First,the functions of the letters-and-visits system in China can be reasonably positioned by effectively stripping power relief needs,improving political participation and rights monitoring channels,and integrating social resources in letters-and-visits work;Secondly,the country can establish a more stratificational special funds operating mode for letters-and-visits by the overall use of scope and standards,the standardized use of procedures,and the strict definition of the responsibility of the main user.The special fund system for letters-and-visits can really play a positive role in ensuring the function of the letters-and-visits system by implementing the above two solutions in China.