A Controversy On The Issues Of Militarism And War In The Middle And Late Period Of The Second International

The Second International Division is in the period when Western capitalism changed from liberal capitalism to monopoly and moved toward imperialism.Economically,the end of the 19th century was the transition from free capitalism to monopoly capitalism.It was a period of imperialism,and capitalist countries developed very rapidly.Politically,after the 1880s,the bourgeois revolution against the feudal system in the West was basically completed and entered an era of relative peace.After a long and persistent struggle,the working class finally won the most basic political and democratic rights.The working-class political parties of all countries were established under the leadership of Marx and Engels and the main leaders of the working-class parties.The development of Western democratic politics,especially the electoral system.The improvement of the party system and the progressive development of the parliamentary system provide a broad domestic stage for the Western working class to strive for its own interests.The international working class also urgently needs to strengthen international exchanges and cooperation in order to continuously expand international com-The movement of the doctrine.However,the political and economic conflicts between European countries and the frantic expansion of the military have severely threatened world peace.In order to maintain peace against war,the Socialists and the proletariat of the Second International Period made great efforts to make a fierce debate on the issue of militarism and war,among which the connection between war and revolution,the proletariat The attitude towards the motherland and the nature of the war are the main issues discussed in the second and middle international countries.The main reasons for the debates on these issues are the fundamental differences among European countries,the influence of revisionism and anarchism,and the leaders of the Social Democratic Party.Subjectively,the limitations of self-cognition and the objective limitations of the second international loose organizational structure.Undoubtedly,various socialist parties and socialists have made active and tremendous contributions to the issue of opposing war.However,the incorrect anti-combat struggle revolutionary strategy does not correctly combine anti-revisionism,anti-militaryism and war issues.The lack of adequate preparations at the outbreak of the war is a limitation of the Second International on militarism and war.A deep understanding of the Second International'^understanding of the war issue draws on our experience and lessons,and is of great significance for correctly distinguishing between the relationship between revisionism and Marxism and how to properly prevent war from maintaining peace.