An Impact Analysis Of Family Support On The Rural Elderly Willingness Of Institutional Care

With the aggravation of population aging,pension has become a growing concern of society and government.The elderly population in rural areas is on the large side,but the medical facilities and pension level are still very backward compared with those in urban areas,and the pension needs of the elderly in rural areas have not yet been met.Therefore,solving the problem of rural old-age support is an important guarantee for the rural elderly to get supports and,and it is also the focus of rural revitalization.At present,family pension is still the mainstream pension model in rural areas,and we should continue to develop it.With the continuous development of society,institutional pension and other social pension models will become the mainstream choice in the future,and these should be constantly improved and developed with the changes of the times.This paper summarizes and analyses the current situation and challenges of family pension in rural areas.And based on the development concept and practical experience of the social pension service system in China,it also explores the impact of family pension on the willingness of the rural elderly to provide for the aged in institutions.Based on Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory,family modernization theory and family intergenerational theory,this paper puts forward three research hypotheses.Firstly,based on Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory,this paper proposes that when the support for the elderly from the children to their parents can not meet the needs of the elderly in rural areas,the rural elderly are more willing to go to pension institutions.Secondly,based on the theory of family modernization,this paper proposes that when the size of family become smaller,the rural elderly are more willing to go to pension institutions.Thirdly,based on the family intergenerational theory,this paper proposes that the degree of parental support for children is small,the rural elderly people are more willing to go to pension institutions.This paper uses the data of the elderly population welfare questionnaire in2015 to make an empirical analysis.The data mainly investigates the family status and pension intention of 518 rural elderly people in 11 provinces(cities)such as Shaanxi and Sichuan.Empirical research mainly uses Stata software and logit regression analysis model to analyze three factors affecting the elderly's willingness to provide for the aged in institutions in rural areas.Empirical results show that the support of the offspring to their parents for the aged is significantly related to the elderly's institutional pension willingness.Among them,the frequency of children's care for their parents and emotional support are negatively correlated with the rural elderly's willingness to provide for the aged in institutions.The financial support of children to their parents is positively correlated with the rural elderly's willingness to provide for the aged in institutions.Secondly,family size has a significant negative correlation with the willingness of the rural elderly to provide for the aged in institutions.That is,the larger the family size,the more reluctant the rural elderly are to go to the institutions for the aged.Thirdly,in the aspect of parental support for offspring,the frequency of parental help for offspring to take care of children is negatively correlated with the rural elderly institutional pension,and the degree of parental financial support for offspring and the frequency of providing advice are positively correlated.Based on the results of empirical analysis,this paper finds that when the offspring can take care of the elderly and meet the emotional comfort needs of the elderly,the rural elderly are more reluctant to choose institutional pension.Secondly,the larger the size of rural households(the more co-residents),the more reluctant rural elderly people are to go to pension institutions.Finally,the older people who help their offspring to take care of their children more frequently play a greater role at home,and the more reluctant they are to choose institutions for the elderly.That is to say,the older people who have children to take care of/the larger the family size/the higher the frequency of helping their children to take care of children are more suitable to build a family-based pension model,and other ways are supplementary pension model.However,the old people who lack child care/the smaller the family size/the lower the frequency of helping their offspring take care of their children are more suitable to choose the institutional pension mode.Therefore,in the end,according to the conclusions and the actual situation in ruralareas,this paper will discuss how to improve the old-age pension system in rural areas.