Research On The Dilemma Of Democratic Consolidation In South Korea

South Korea has achieved democratic transformation in the " third wave" of democratization and entered the stage of democratic consolidation.However,the consolidation and development of democracy in South Korea is in a dilemma.Its most concentrated manifestation is the frequent occurrence of the ruling crisis of South Korea's president and the abnormal situation of the president.Therefore,starting from this appearance,relying on the theory of democratic transformation and democratic consolidation,this paper uses the methods of documentary research,historical research and comparative research to specifically analyze the main causes of this phenomenon,that is,to analyze the specific factors that make the democratic consolidation in South Korea in trouble,and tries to point out the urgent task of democratic consolidation and development in South Korea at present,so as to provide some experiences and lessons for the democratic political development of other emerging democratic countries.Scholars at home and abroad define democratic consolidation mainly by two standards of peaceful transition of political power,behaviorism,informal rules and pluralistic and comprehensive democratic consolidation standards.The analysis of factors affecting democratic consolidation mainly includes political party system,constitutional system,political culture and economic development.On this basis,combining the concept of development democracy,this paper puts forward the concept of multi-dynamic democracy consolidation.After several twists and turns,South Korea's democratic development is now in a transitional stage from negative democracy consolidation to positive democracy consolidation.Based on the concept of multi-dynamic democratic consolidation and the concrete practice in the process of democratic consolidation in South Korea,this paper studies the dilemma of democratic consolidation in South Korea from the aspects of political party system,constitutional system,political culture and special political-business relations.The loose organizational structure of political parties,regionalism and people-centeredness influence the development of political parties.The excessive expansion of presidential powerand the single term of office of the president have weakened the president's sense of responsibility and destroyed the continuity of policies.Moreover,the out-of-sync term of office between the president and the Congress is likely to lead to a big situation towards Xiao Ye,exacerbating the internal contradictions of the political system.The deep-rooted traditional Confucian political culture and the immaturity of modern democratic political culture hinder the development of democratic consolidation.The monopoly position of the chaebol in the national economy and the history and current situation of business integration have made the consolidation of democracy in South Korea always troubled by corruption.Therefore,the urgent tasks for the consolidation and development of South Korea's democracy are: to establish a sound and perfect political party system and eliminate the chronic diseases of the political party system,to strengthen the construction of political party organizations,to reform the personal attachment relationship within the party,and to eliminate the regionalism of political parties;Pushing forward the constitutional reform to resolve the internal contradictions of the constitutional system,implementing the prime minister's responsibility and changing the term of office of the president and parliament;Promoting the modernization and innovation of traditional political culture,transforming the cultural function of Confucianism,and fostering the democratic spirit of cooperation and compromise;To build a rule-of-law relationship between government and business,to raise the cost of corruption,to increase the transparency of government power operation,to restrict the concentration of power resources and to curb the vicious expansion of the chaebol.Other emerging democracies may also encounter difficulties in consolidating democracy in South Korea.When other emerging democratic countries solve the development problems of democratic consolidation in their own countries,they should also actively use the theory of democratic consolidation with multiple dynamics,break out of the thinking pattern of western centralism,combine their own political tradition,cultural tradition and economic foundation,and walk out of the road of democratic development with their own characteristics.