Research On The Functional Orientation Of Local People's Congress Representative Participating In Grassroots Social Governance

The grassroots society with urban communities and villages as the main body plays the dual role of the living space of residents and the grassroots units of state governance.The main body of social interests has become increasingly complex,and the contradictions have increased.After the collapse of the unit system,the “unit” gradually withdrew from the grassroots social governance,and the modern governance system proposed a governance model of “multi-subject participation”,“political and social inter-embedded”,and “sinking”.One of its core ideas is to play the main role of the public in the governance process.The NPC deputies who represent the electorate as the main feature have extensive institutional space in grassroots social governance and can better realize public participation in the process of grassroots social governance.This study mainly uses the case study method to study the mechanism innovation of the representatives of the people's congresses in Shenzhen,Zhejiang and Shanghai in the grassroots social governance.Based on the theory of participatory governance and representative theory,combined with the decision-making analysis framework of political system theory "input-conversion-output",and analyzes the mechanism innovation of the three places.The study found that the participation of NPC deputies in grassroots social governance is mainly represented by the interaction between the representatives and the two actors.Focusing on the core element of "public opinion",the functional positioning of NPC deputies can be integrated into four functions: public opinion absorption,pressure release,legislative promotion,and performance supervision.Local people's congress representatives provide an institutionalized expression channel for the regular public opinion of grassroots society.For conflicting social contradictions,we can discuss how to deal with and urge the resolution of grassroots social contradictions through this place of political participation,and play the "safety valve" function of releasing social pressure;As a legislature,local people's congress deputies can promote legislation on social governance issues by exerting the right of proposal and suggestion,and establish norms and mechanisms for issues related to social governance;As the power organs,the NPC deputies have the right to question and make suggestions.They can ensure that the government's actions can meet the wishes of people and laws,through the supervision of the government's practical projects and government budgets.Based on the functional orientation of NPC deputies,the participation of NPC deputies in social governance is an indirect and consultation governance based on public opinion.Its essence is the role played by the NPC deputies in the governance of grassroots society,and the specific mechanisms it has formed in the process of interacting with the two actors of the people and the government.Further analysis found that the four functions have their inherent logical connections: public opinion absorption and pressure release are the basis of public opinion for legislative promotion and performance supervision,while the latter provides legal norms and institutional guarantees for the former.At present,the mechanism innovations in various regions are characterized by fragmentation and differentiation.It is necessary to pay attention to the balanced development of the four functions in practice,in order to better play the benign effect of NPC deputies participating in grassroots social governance.