| The implementation of public service purchase in our country started in 1990 s.Since then,many governments of cities in North China,East China and South China started the implementation of public service purchase.After almost twenty year’s accumulation,the range of this program was expanded from pension to education,medical treatment,employment and city management and many other fields.With the development of economy and society and the advancement of the modernization of national governance,local governments have explored a suitable development mode and achieved certain results.In recent years,the government has further increased its efforts to purchase public services,and the government has also introduced relevant laws,regulations and rules to support the government’s purchase of public services.In the end of September,2013,the general office of the state council issued The Guidance on Government Purchasing Services from Social Forces,and The Decision was adopted at the third plenary session of the 18 th CPC central committee in the same year to provide a basis for policy implementation.At the beginning of 2014,the ministry of finance held a national working conference on government purchase of public services,in which the development goal of government purchase of public services was formulated: at the end of the 12 th five-year plan period,an effective mechanism for government purchase of services was initially formed,and the system of government purchase of services became mature by 2020.At the same time,during the government work report meeting of the two sessions in 2014,Premier Li Keqiang once again explicitly raised the government’s desire to purchase public services from social institutions.But in practice,there were latent risks in all section of government’s purchase of public services from social organizations and legal risks,functional absence and risks of offside in the stage of determining demands;Information asymmetry risk and power rent-seeking risk coexist in the stage of public bidding;Pricing risk and purchasing mode selection risk affect service quality and efficiency in the contract signing stage;In the implementation stage of the project,the government tends to produce the risk of responsibility discharge and supervision failure;There is a risk of performance evaluation failure in the service evaluation stage.The reasons for above risks are: imperfect law and regulation;the transformation of government functions failing behind the demands of service purchase;lack of public services and imbalance supply structure;lack of budget management and contract management;imperfect supervision mechanism,ambiguous performance evaluation index,unitary main body and etc.Aiming at the above problems and the reasons for them,our government should emphasize the legal mechanism of dispute settlement of public service purchase on the premise of perfecting laws and regulations;Reposition government functions and innovate service concepts;Promote the development of social organizations,improve the professional level of public services,cultivate a good supply market;At the same time,the scientific management of government purchases of public services,such as budget management,contract management,process management,should be improved;Lastly,the government should perfect responsibility assessment,supervision system of public service purchase,perfect responsibility mechanism,evaluation mechanism and supervision mechanism. |
