Rousseau's Thoughts On Civic Education And Its Enlightenment

Rousseau was the guide of the theory and practice of the French Revolution in the eighteenth century.He was a famous thinker and educator in France.His civic education was called a Copernican revolution in education,which made a difference to France and other countries Degree of influence.As far as our country is concerned,studying Rousseau's civic education ideas can help our country cultivate qualified citizens in the new era,and thus advance the progress of building a socialist harmonious society.This article attempts to interpret the holistic nature of Rousseau's civic education thoughts,and analyzes the merits and limitations of its theory to find out what can be learned from our civic education.It provides theoretical references for the cultivation of citizenship awareness,the formation of citizenship concepts,the smooth development of citizenship moral education,and the construction of a moral community.This article is mainly divided into five parts.Firstly,it explains the logical starting point of Rousseau's civic education thought.Through the method of education staging,a systematic and complete set of natural education methods are used to train its education objects,and to shape the early excellent "models”for the cultivation of qualified citizens in the future.Secondly,this article analyzes and sorts out the conflict between nature and society in the dilemma of Rousseau's civic education.Rousseau's civic education thought oot only advocates natural freedom,but also favors the institutional life of ancient city-states,which has caused his education thought to have insurmountable conflicts and dilemmas.However,by logically combing Rousseau's educational thoughts,it is not difficult to find that he solved this problem with his unique natural emotional education.He proposed the self-love and sympathy in human nature,and guided and educated it properly,so that The transition from self-love to his love,to the care of the whole society,and finally to the harmony of nature and society,is also the key point in the transformation of natural people to moral citizens in Rousseau's civic education.Third,the third part discusses the main content of Rousseau's civic education thought.The main purpose of Rousseau's civic education is to cultivate ethical citizens for the ideal contract society he envisions.He requires that ethical citizens not only have the right judgment to be able to He must also have a strong moral will to distinguish the advantages and disadvantages of things independently,so that moral emotions play an active role in social practice.And moral citizens must be loyal patriots,love everything in the motherland,and abide by the laws of the motherland.Therefore,this part of the article discusses the main contents of Rousseau's civic education:civic virtue education,patriotism education and legal education.Fourth,the fourth part focuses on the practical path of civic education thoughts,and its content mainly includes the realization and guidance of public opinion to cultivate citizens,social journeys and the creation of civic beliefs.First of all,Rousseau mentioned that the ideal political community must be operated in a contractual manner to be stable,and that the public will is a legal agreement between all members of society.Therefore,public opinion,as the guide of citizens 'moral obligations,requires citizens to accept the highest guidance of public opinion,harmonize the individual will with the public will,and safeguard the citizens' own interests and needs while guaranteeing public interests.Secondly,Rousseau used the form of social travel to expose the education target to the real society,to understand the various types of society to enrich their own experience,and to exercise their perseverance and social insight,which is of great significance for the smooth implementation of civic education.Finally,Rousseau resorted to cultivating citizens' recognition of a moral community by resorting to higher-level forms of civic beliefs.By creating civic beliefs,they serve this national spirit in the ethical community,resulting in citizens combining worldly obligations and belief obligations.The last part of the article expounds the influence and contemporary inspiration of Rousseau's civic education thought.By understanding Rousseau's overall thoughts and logically combing Rousseau's educational thoughts,we can analyze the pros and cons of them,extract their essence,and serve the development of civic education in China.