Research On Government Responsibility Of Relocation And Resettlement In Shilou County,Shanxi Province

Relocation for poverty alleviation is an important measure to achieve leapfrog development and win the battle of poverty alleviation.Through relocation,we can not only cut off the root of poverty from the environment,help the poor groups to leave the bad natural conditions and change their backward production mode,but also further promote the integration of urban and rural development and social harmony and stability to achieve the dual goals of economic and social development.Under the poverty alleviation strategy,the relocation is public,pluralistic and complex,which determines that the government has the primary,leading and irreplaceable responsibility in the resettlement.However,in the past 30 years since the implementation of the relocation,the government has not fully understood the risks of economic poverty,livelihood maintenance,cultural extinction and community integration after the relocation.In the process of relocation,goveronment still pay attention to the project construction and relocation progress,neglect the migration demand and migration development".At present,China’s research on relocation of poverty alleviation mainly focuses on policy evolution,policy implementation and sustainable livelihood of migrants.However,in terms of complex relocation process,it involves complex engineering projects,including resettlement subsidies,endogenous development and cultivation of migrants,protection of folk traditional culture,community governance and services.The discussion of practice is not mature enough;there are many subjects involved in the relocation process,and no scholars have proposed to promote resettlement from the perspective of government responsibility.Therefore,from the perspective of government responsibility,this paper discusses and analyzes the problems of relocation and resettlement.First,resettlement subsidy is the most basic source of security for the survival and development of migrants.The resettlement subsidy mainly includes the resettlement subsidy and the income of land circulation,which is the most important economic source after the loss of livelihood capital,and also an important guarantee for the smooth relocation of immigrants and their survival in the resettlement area.However,the current relocation subsidy standard is inconsistent with social development and migration demand,and the policy-making lacks flexibility and scientificity.Only through continuous innovation and exploration,and according to the actual situation to develop a relocation subsidy program that meets the requirements of immigrants,can we reduce the living pressure of immigrants and ensure the success of immigrants in the place of immigration.Secondly,the ability of the follow-up development of migrants is the key to their success in poverty alleviation.There has been a fundamental change in the way of livelihood of the resettled people,mainly reflected in the transformation of the original farming and breeding into labor exchange.The reality is that most of the immigrants lack employment skills and do not have an advantage in the labor market.The subsequent survival is facing great uncertainty and challenge,and they become a vulnerable group.However,Shilou county government pays too much attention to external environment construction and relocation progress in performance evaluation,neglects the endogenous development training of immigrants,and "dislocation"occurs in the input of resettlement resources,which leads to the lack of effective guarantee for the sustainability of migrants’ livelihood.Only by improving the performance evaluation indicators,can the government effectively guide the government to attach importance to the cultivation of the endogeneity of immigrants,formulate training programs and plans that are in line with the actual situation of immigrants,so that immigrants can have the skills to live in peace,so as to achieve the goal of "moving out,living stably and becoming rich".Third,the traditional folk culture bears the deep and profound cultural heritage of a region and is the inexhaustible power source of a nation’s development.The government should also shoulder the responsibility of protection and inheritance of the traditional folk culture.In the process of relocation,governments at all levels have weak awareness of traditional folk culture protection and lack of top-level design and cultural protection staff.If the government does not actively protect the traditional culture,with the change of living environment and lifestyle after the migration,it is likely to cause the disappearance and extinction of traditional culture.The government should shoulder the responsibility of protecting traditional culture,take effective measures in time,and actively protect traditional culture.Fourth,the resettlement community is the base for the survival and development of immigrants.The governance of resettlement community is not only different from the rural grass-roots governance,but also different from the urban community governance.It is a special product between urban and rural transition.However,in the process of migration,Shilou county has formed a dual jurisdiction model(that is,migration is under the jurisdiction of both the village committee of the moving out area and the community committee of the moving in area)due to the inadequate transformation of government functions.The services provided by the government in land management and psychological assistance are not in place,which makes it difficult for immigrants to integrate into the new community environment effectively.The effective governance of the resettlement community needs to combine the actual situation of the relocation and the living conditions before the relocation,innovate the community governance mode,continuously improve the service awareness,and meet the diversified needs of the immigrants.The thesis is mainly composed of seven parts:the first part is the introduction,which introduces the background and foundation of the research;The second part defines the related concepts and theories;The third part describes the development of Shilou county and the achievements of the government in the process of resettlement;The fourth part describes the lack of government responsibility in the process of government resettlement and analyzes the reasons;The fifth part introduces the excellent cases of poverty alleviation and relocation in domestic provinces,from which we can get the corresponding inspiration;The sixth part puts forward the corresponding countermeasures according to the problems existing in government resettlement;the last part is the conclusion.