Study On The Difficulties Of Dalian's NIMBY Facilities Constrution And Governance Countermeasures

With the rapid development of China's economy,the level of urbanization and people's living standards are improving day by day.Citizens are gradually moving from the stage of ensuring the right to subsistence to the stage of pursuing the right to development of high-quality life.The continuous improvement of environmental quality requirements and willingness to participate in government decision-making is the concrete manifestation.In reeent years,due to the awakening of citizen rights consciousness and the increasing demand for public facilities,there have been many NIMBY conflicts caused by the location and construction of NIMBY facilities in China,such as large-scale protests against PX project in Xiamen,Dalian,Ningbo,Kunming and other places.The site selection of Panyu Waste Incineration Power Plant in Guangdong Province was strongly opposed,even there were protests against the construction of community nursing homes in Yangpu,Shanghai.The products or services provided by such facilities can often promote the increase of social welfare and produce benefits shared by members of society,but at the same time,they may damage the interests of nearby residents and produce negative external effects.If the local government can not properly coordinate the interests game between NIMBY facilities and nearby residents,there may be collective resistance caused by dissatisfaction.In the early stage of planning and location of NIMBY facilities,due to infonnation asymmetry and poor communication channels,it is difficult for the public to exercise their right to participate,while the traditional top-down closed decision-making mode of local governments and the"decision-announeement-defense" type of construction process of NIMBY facilities further intensify the public and government.Because the government failed to resolve the public's discontent in time during the brewing period,the public was forced to turn to non-institotional collective action to express their own interests,which led to the outbreak of NIMBY conflicts.Due to the increasing types of public facilities and the lack of a standardized mechanism to solve NIMBY incidents,in China,NIMBY conflicts occur frequently and are difficult to eradicate.The construction dilemma of NIMBY facilities has become an important factor hindering the development of urbanization and affecting social stability and harmony.Deeply understanding the people's situation,reflecting public opinion,and putting forward targeted governance strategies can create an important impact on shaping a good government image and improving government credibility.Therefore,how to properly deal with the interests game between NIMBY facilities and the public so as to effectively manage the NIMBY dilemma has become a serious challenge faced by local governments.The key point of this paper is to explore the governance countermeasures of the predicament of NIMBY facilities construction,and provide new ideas for local governments to enhance the ability of NIMBY governance.Firstly,based on the research results at home and abroad,this paper defines the related concepts of NIMBY phenomenon,and summarizes the classification of NIMBY facilities,so that readers can form a clearer understanding of NIMBY facilities,NIMBY dilemna and NIMBY governance.Then introduces the theoretical basis of this study in detail,including public choice theory,public governance theory,democratic consultation theory.Secondly,this paper analyses the methods and countermeasures of Dalian to cope with the NIMBY dilemma in different stages through three classical cases,and shows the practical exploration process of Dalian municipal government to improve the ability of NIMBY governance gradually.Then,the paper explores the residents' attitude towards the government's NIMBY governance in Dalian through the questionnaire,and uses the methods of correlation analysis and regression analysis to process and analyze the collected data,excavate its internal relationship,and understand the residents' views on the current situation of the government's NIMBY governance in Dalian at this stage.And it lays the data foundation for the follow-up research.Based on the previous research,this paper analyzes the difficulties faced by Dalian municipal government in the process of urbanization,including the public's resistance caused by the location of NIMBY facilities,the weak risk prevention ability of government,the inadequate participation of the public in decision-making,and the imperfect benefit compensation mechanism.Finally,the paper puts forward the corresponding solutions and preventive measures for the difficulties of the construction of the NIMBY facilities,including strengthening the planning and construction and environmental governance,reducing the public's resistance by optimizing the location of the NIMBY facilities and carrying out the comprehensive environmental governance of the NIMBY facilities;improving the prevention ability of the NIMBY risk,and making full use of the third-party institutions;improving decision transparency and public participation by strengthening government information building and establishing a public decision-making mode of consultative democracy;improving benefit compensation mechanism,which contains responding to the public's demands with multiple compensation programs,and building a psychological compensation absorption mechanism so that the public can get a real sense of identity.