The Essence Theory Of Marx And Engels' Ideology

The concept of ideology has been endowed with various connotations by scholars in various historical periods since it was put forward.Nowadays,there are many debates on ideology in society and academia,among which the tendency of "diluting" and "generalizing" ideology is trying to eliminate the power of ideology fundamentally.Facing the ideological weakened and exaggerated wrong idea,this article through to Marx and Engels in different periods in the text,the important ideological nature of cognition,the formation process of combing Marx and Engels ideology essence thought,to "self-consciousness" as the starting point for the ideological nature of the exploration process,through to the German ideology essence of a particular country reflects to the class society in the field of political,economic,ideological essence,after that they gradually go deep into the social economic foundation to explore the ideological nature.Marx and Engels revealed the essence of bourgeois ideology from his criticism of it in all fields.In the context of bourgeois philosophy,the essence of bourgeois ideology is embodied in the "guardian" of abstract philosophical ideas to class rule,and in religion,the embodiment of God blinds the rationalism of believers.In Hegel's philosophy of right,the state philosophy is used to justify the German bourgeois revolution.In Feuerbach's humanism,this kind of ideology is reflected by simply regarding human being as the so-called "nature of nature" and ignoring the contradiction between workers and capitalists,in an attempt to safeguard the "eternal" political power and interests of the bourgeoisie.In the criticism of political economy,it explores the development and change of bourgeois classical political economy to vulgar economics,makes clear that the essence of bourgeois ideology is reflected as the "veil" of bourgeois special interests in the field of economics,and reveals its performance of defending the ruling class regime and interests in economic theory.At last,through the exploration of the nature of bourgeois ideology foundation,reveals its class ideology reflects the essence of capitalist production relations,the capitalist ideological characteristics of fetishism in the economic and social,to cover up the relationship between the capitalist exploitation of the proletariat,revealed the bourgeois ideology essence is the concrete expression of the ruling class interests.Exploration of Marx and Engels thought essence of ideology and the criticism of the bourgeois ideology essence reveals the essential ideology of the basic content and features: the ideological essence embodied in it as a general social consciousness,responding to the social existence is the corresponding economic basis of the concept of "superstructure",as "class consciousness" to maintain national regime,its specific forms are reflected on the legality of the social system maintenance;Class,practicality,totality and relative independence are the general characteristics of ideology.The revelation of the special nature of bourgeois ideology is mainly reflected in three aspects: the embodiment of bourgeois class consciousness,the maintenance of bourgeois ruling regime and its concept superstructure as a capitalist society;In the specific category of bourgeoisie,the characteristics of its special nature of ideology include class,falsehood and concealment.In the end,this paper expounds the significance of Marx and Engels' theory of ideological essence from both theoretical and practical dimensions,and responds scientifically to the ideological disputes of "dilution" and "generalization".