Why Do Public Value Failure Would Happen?

As the new leader of the century-old public administration theory,the theory of public value brings democracy,efficiency and responsibility into a new scope.As a branch of public value theory,the theory of public value failure redefines the roles of government and public managers from the perspective of the relationship between government and market,and causes a new upsurge of government research at home and abroad.The question,however,is why did the failure of public values occur?Especially in the context of China,is there any localization difference in the driving factors for the failure of public value?How to explain and respond to these differences?In recent years,the NIMBY conflict in China provides us with a concrete entry point to analyze the failure of public value.NIMBY conflict is a public value failure caused by the lack of dialogue and negotiation mechanism between the value of government preference and social value,which highlights the strong tension between post-materialism and exploitarianism.Therefore,it is theoretically compatible to analyze the driving factors of public value failure by taking the NIMBY conflict case in China as an example.So we start with " Chinese Urban NIMBY Case Database of Shandong University" as the source,explored the theme distribution of NIMBY conflicts in China through thematic model analysis(LDA),and identified six principles of public value failure in NIMBY conflicts in China:the value of expression and aggregation,public information is not perfect,lack of providers,profit distribution,time scope,alternative.Then,20 typical NIMBY cases were selected from the case database,and more than 210,000 words of supporting materials were collected through various methods,on the basis of the research and analysis,grounded theory methods for in article 6 public value driving factors of failure criteria for response,eventually failed to construct Chinese public value "value target,the system unit and the organization environment" attribution model.The research finds that:(1)a single driving factor can lead to totally different types of public value failures:the fuzziness and low operability of the value goal of NIMBY policy are related to the failure factors of benefit distribution,time range and lack of public value of providers;Institutional instrument are the driving factors for the aggregation of value expression,the lack of providers and the imperfection of public information.The developmental localism and organizational environment are related to the failure of time range and fungible public value.(2)The maladjustment and mismatching among the three "value goal-institutional instrument--organizational environment”causes the failure of public value in the Chinese context:On the one hand,the objectives of NIMBY policy have the characteristics of pluralism and fuzziness,but there are no corresponding institutional instrument to ensure the implementation of policy objectives.On the other hand,in the absence of institutional instrument,organizational environment provides the institutional impetus for local governments to take"economic development orientation" and "sector interest orientation",thus causing the failure of public value in NIMBY conflicts.(3)Organizational environment is a key situational variable for the failure of public value in Chinese context:In the developing mode of economic development as the center,officials incentive structure and promotion mode and organization structure are intertwined organization environment,prompted a "substitution effect" policy objectives,such as procedural justice,environmental protection,safety,health and other goals are economic development "goals"-that is,the absorbing and filtering,and organizational environment in China can be regarded as public key situational variables value failure occurred.