A Preliminary Study On Sakuma Sh?zan's International Political Thought

Since modern times,the world has been turbulent and unpredictable,and the international system and pattern have been undergoing profound changes.Japan is a neighboring country of China,and we can find that as early as the end of the Edo Shogunate,Japanese politicians and ideologists began to pay attention to the complex international situation and become active in the study of the exploration and research of international politics throughout its history.In that era when there are many schools of thought to explore the road of national development,Sakuma Sh?zan is an outstanding representative and pioneer.As a famous statesman,ideologist and strategist in the late Edo Period of Japan,Sakuma Sh?zan was a typical figure who accepted and studied western culture and thoughts in the last of the Tokugawa Shogunate and even in the modern history of Japan.According to the changes of the current situation and his own experience and reflection,he constantly changed and revised his own thoughts.As a model of samurai in that era,Sakuma Sh?zan has many talented disciples,such as Yoshida Sh?in,Sakamoto Ry?ma,Katsu Kaisy?,Hashimoto Sanai,Takasugi Shinsaku and so on.What's more,the world view and international political thoughts of Sakuma Sh?zan had a very important influence on the choice of the road of modern Japan's rise.Starting from the change of Japanese external environment at the end of Edo Period and the transformation process of Sakuma Sh?zan's personal cognition and thought,this thesis analyses the evolution of Sakuma Sh?zan's foreign thoughts from "locking the country and hustling the foreigners" to "opening the country and hustling the foreigners" in detail,points out the national development strategy of the integration of the east and the west,and then points out the realistic characteristics of his international political thoughts in detail from the perspectives of order,power and military.His realistic international political thoughts had a important effect on the ideological trend of the age where he was,the Meiji Restoration and the later development of Japan.At the same time,some of his military thoughts played a role that cannot be ignored in the rise of Japanese militarism and the outbreak ofaggressive wars.