A Study On The Culture Change Of Folk Beliefs Of Tujia Ethnic Group In The Three Districts Of Youshui

The three districts of Youshui are the concepts of regional culture proposed by ShaoMing Li and others from the mid-late 1980 s to the 1990 s when they conducted an ethnographic survey of Youshui Tujia in eastern Sichuan.Its scope includes Daxi district,Youchou district and Shidi district.Since the 1980 s,modernization has gradually become the main direction of social development in the three districts of Youshui.In order to meet the needs of social development,folk beliefs have gradually changed.In the nearly thirty years since Shao-Ming Li and others,the study of Tujia culture in the three districts of Youshui is almost at a standstill.The article takes Shanling Village as a case,adopts the method of field investigation,and compares with the research results of Shao-Ming Li and others.In order to investigate the relationship between Tujia folk beliefs and modernization in the three districts of Youshui,and then to explore the development law and socisl development direction of Tujia culture.The third part is the second to fifth chapters,which analyze the status quo of Tujia people's natural worship,ancestor worship,witchcraft faith,Taoism faith and changes in the past thirty years.First of all,the Feng-shui view and the destiny view replaced the original nature worship.The article is divided into five parts.The first part is an introduction,whose main content involves the value and significance of the selected topic,research review,research methods,research purposes,field research and the definition of cultural changes and folk beliefs.The second part is the content of the first chapter,which is mainly an introduction to the fields,involving the natural geographical environment,livelihoods and resources,and resources,and folk belief systems.It is lay the foundation for the later development.Second,witchcraft faith cannot continue to adapt to the needs of social development and cannot exist independently,but it can be integrated into other belief cultures through survival and mutation.Third,Tujia totem worship and soil worship of the king are nearly disappearing,while ancestral worship dominated by mainstream consciousness continues to develop in the village and coexists with other culture.Finally,the Taoist beliefs are constantly borrowed and integrated with foreign belief cultures to become the center of the diverse integration of the Tujia folk beliefs in the three districts of Youshui.The fourth part is the sixth chapter,which mainly summarizes the changes in the content and structure of Tujia folk beliefs in the three districts of Youshui,the characteristics of the change,the reasons for the change and the mechanism of the change.The final part is the conclusion,which is beneficial to the contemporary changes of Tujia folk beliefs in Youshui three districts,and makes an objective and rational analysis of the disadvantageous aspects,and at the same time discusses the changes of folk beliefs and the development direction of Tujia society.In the context of modernization,the folk beliefs of Tujia people in the three districts of Youshui did not lose their roots due to the transformation of the socio-economic structure.Instead,foreign belief cultures replaced traditional native belief cultures,and continued to borrow and integrate other belief cultures to rebuild a new order of faith.The traditional native beliefs of Tujia people in the three districts of Youshui could not meet the needs of social development,so the native nature worship and witchcraft beliefs were gradually lost in the village society.Taoist belief and ancestor worship is a belief culture chosen by the villagers that conforms to the traditional spirit of the Tujia people and is compatible with modernization.In the village society,it is continuously integrated and adjusted with other belief cultures the main direction.