Study On Labour And Employment Problems In Southeast Asia

Southeast Asia is one of the most dynamic regions in the world,with an area of approximately 4.5 million square kilometers and a population of more than 600 million.Geo-strategic,economic and political status of this region is increasingly important.Southeast Asia has a working-age population of more than 400 million people and is a huge labour market.However,due to the economic,social,and cultural circumstances of Southeast Asian countries,the labour force has not been effectively used and arranged,causing labour problems in Southeast Asia to be more prominent.Southeast Asian countries are important countries along "the Belt and Road" initiative in China.Studying their labour and employment issues helps deepen China's understanding of the Southeast Asian labour market conditions and investment environment,promote China's "the Belt and Road" initiative,and effectively carry out economic cooperation with Southeast Asian countries.This article first analyzes the current situation of labour and employment in Southeast Asian countries from the perspective of economics,and analyzes the labour resource base,employment level,and employment structure in Southeast Asian countries through labour-age population,human development index(HDI),labour participation rate,and unemployment rate.Then analyze the labour and employment problems in Southeast Asian countries from the perspective of sociology.I mainly use labour and employment problems in Singapore,the Philippines,and Malaysia as specific research cases,"dissect sparrows",and analyze labour and employment problems in Southeast Asian countries.Finally,we study ASEAN's role in terms of international relations.Related cooperation mechanism in the field of labour and employment-ASEAN Minister of Labour meeting.Finally study ASEAN Labour Ministers Meeting,which is the main cooperation mechanism in the field of labour and employment of ASEAN.Southeast Asia has a rich and young workforce,with a total population of more than 600 million.The working-age population accounts for nearly 70%of its total population,and the labour force in most Southeast Asian countries will continue to grow for several decades.However,the quality of labour in Southeast Asian countries varies widely.Except for Singapore,Malaysia and Thailand,the quality of labour in other countries is generally low.In addition,although the employment rate of the labour force in Southeast Asian countries are generally high,their employment structure is not balanced.It is worth noting that the employment structure of the labour force in the four new ASEAN countries and the six old ASEAN countries is highly complementary.Regarding the specific labour and employment problems in Southeast Asia,I have selected three typical Southeast Asian labour and employment problems such as the aging of the labour force,labour export with employment,ethnic issues with labour employment.And I have selected three representative countries to analyze these typical abor and employment problems.Due to the large differences in the economic development level,social and cultural aspects of Southeast Asian countries,it is difficult to comprehensively discuss all the specific labour and employment problems in Southeast Asian countries.However,the three specific labour and employment problems that I have selected are the ones that many Southeast Asian countries are facing or about to face.Labour service cooperation is an important area of concern for Southeast Asian countries,ASEAN established ASEAN Labour Ministers Meeting(ALMM),a regional labour cooperation mechanism.ASEAN's labour cooperation is under the framework of this cooperation mechanism.In addition,the bilateral and small multilateral mechanisms between Southeast Asian countries and the ASEAN Labour Ministers Meeting mutually support and complement each other,forming an effective model for regional labour cooperation.