A Study Of Family Endowments' Impact On Rural Women's Choice Of Employment

It's stated in the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China that Chinese characteristics has entered a new era,and the government would vigorously implement rural vitalization strategy,insist on giving priority to agricultural and rural development,maintain gender equality(a basic national policy),protect lawful rights and interests of women,and improve the caring service system of rural women.It's disclosed in 2018 No.1 document of the central government that rural vitalization strategy would be fully deployed and implemented,and vast rural women certainly play an important role in promoting rural vitalization and integrated development of urban and rural areas,building a harmonious society,and achieving the goal of completing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects by 2020.However,employment choices of rural women are influenced and limited by various factors,and the main factor is family endowment(Kong,Xiangzhi and others,2004;Wang Sangui and others,2010;Shi Zhilei and others,2011;Yang Yunyan and others,2012;Du Yang and others,2017;Luo Chuliang,2017).Therefore,this article takes the family endowment under DFID sustainable livelihood framework as the perspective,and analyzes its impact on rural women's employment choices,to motivate rural women's important role in promoting rural vitalization.In this research,"rural women" is defined as the youngest women who engage in production and management and are between 16 and 65 years old with labor capacity and rural household registration.Family endowments are defined as the resources and abilities shared by family members and the whole family and developments and extensions of the abilities and endowment resources shared by each family member,they're divided into family human capital,material capital,financial capital,social capital,and natural capital.Employment choices are divided into agricultural production,non-farm employment,and non-farm self-employment.This research used 2017 summer research data of Zhongnan University of Economics and Law and chose 35 representative villages in 9 townships and 3 cities,including Qichun County of Huanggang City,Shashi District of Jingzhou City,and Laohekou City of Xiangyang City,to obtain primary data.This article is divided into 5 parts.The first part is introduction,which introduces the background and meaning of research,literature review and survey,research content and methods,data sources and technical route,and innovations and weaknesses.The second part includes definitions of core concepts and theoretical basis.This part defines family endowment,rural women,and employment,organizes main contents,theoretical models,and mechanism of sustainable livelihood theory,behavioral decision theory,and workforce employment theory,and puts forward research hypothesis.The third part is the summary of employment choice of rural women and family endowment status.This part introduces research plan,sample selection and research arrangement,site survey,and variable selection basis and explanation,and analyzes family endowment status of 581 samples by using statistical description.The fourth part is empirical analysis.This part includes the construction of Multinomial Logistic regression model and the analysis of multicollinearity analysis,regression estimation,and the examination of model marginal utility based on Stata13.0.The fifth part includes a package of policy suggestions based on analysis results and research conclusions.The following conclusions are drawn through above analyses:1.Five main family capital endowments have obvious effect on employment choices of rural women;2.Family human capital has the largest impact on employment choices of rural women;3.Family material capital and financial capital have obvious effect on employment method of agricultural production;4.Family social capital and natural capital have less effect on employment choices of rural women.Therefore,4 policy suggestions come up:1.To broaden the trinity of employment and contribute to the implementation of rural vitalization strategy;2.To improve employability skills of rural women and focus on investment in family human capital;3.To improve family material and financial reserves and increase rural women's capital accumulation;4.To promote green development in agriculture and rural areas and ensure sustainable employment of rural women.