The Impact Of International Trade On Gender Wage Gap In China

Since the 1980 s,the degree of global trade openness has been greatly improved.North and South countries are all accelerating the process of trade liberalization.The average tariff levels of all countries have been reduced to a greater extent,and the economic cooperation and exchanges between countries have further deepened.In view of the structural changes brought about by these economic developments,the development of international trade cannot only be limited to the expansion of its trade scale and the optimization of trade structure,but should also focus on the improvement of the welfare level of the entire society through international trade.One of the important issues is the extent to which these economic developments affect women.Because of gender differences in access to resources,family production activities,and access to the labor market,reform policies may have different effects on gender.In order to further study the relationship between international trade and gender wage gaps,this paper constructs a theoretical model of international trade affecting the gender wage gap of different skilled labor force,and uses the 2011 China Household Finance Survey data(CHFS)to perform empirical analysis through mean value regression and quantile regression..Through the 2013 China Family Finance Survey data(CHFS),the robustness test of the research results was conducted.The SUEST test and the Chow test were used to test the differences and correlations between the coefficients.The results of the empirical study show that in 2010,in terms of the overall gender wage gap,although international trade expanded the gender wage gap,there was a difference in the impact of the gender wage gap on the split skills.Trade has reduced the gender wage gap in the low skilled labor force and expanded the gender wage gap for the high skilled labor force.As far as the gender wage gap in different regions is concerned,international trade increases the wage level in the coastal areas,but the gender wage gap in the region is widened,and trade has a negative impact on the increase in wage levels in the inland areas;as far as the quantile gender wage gap is concerned,the wages of men and women are raised in international trade.The labor force at the top of the wage distribution has benefited more,but international trade narrowed the gender wage gap in the low wage labor distribution,and expanded the gender wage gap in the high end of the wage distribution;in terms of the quantile gender wage gap,the different position of the wage distribution.International trade is always expanding the gender wage gap of highly skilled labor and reducing the gender wage gap in the low-and low-skilled labor force in the wage distribution,which is a general evidence of the results of the above mean return.As far as robustness is concerned,the test results obtained by adding tool variables(the shortest distance from the provincial capital to the shoreline)and using the 2013 CHFS data are consistent with the previous empirical results.The correlation test obtained through the Chow test and the SUEST test also proves the independence and comparability of the inter group coefficients.The empirical results are robust.Based on the above conclusions,the state should continuously increase the degree of openness in international trade,promote the formation of a comprehensive and open new pattern,increase the employment rate and employment quality,implement the regional coordinated development strategy,give full play to the role of education in the gender wage gap,and strengthen the supervision of the labor market.We will improve the social security system and establish a more effective guarantee for solving the gender wage gap.