Comparative Researches On The Cultivation Of Problem Solving Ability In Chinese,American And English Physics Textbooks In Junior Middle School

The textbooks are subject to the curriculum standards and are followed by teaching practice.This article focuses on the content of problem-solving capabilities in textbooks for junior middle schools in China,the United States,and the United Kingdom,combining the curriculum standards with the problem-solving capabilities,and comparing textbooks from the structure of textbooks and the compilation of content,trying to find out the characteristics and deficiencies of national textbooks in cultivating students'problem-solving abilities,so as to provide reference for the preparation of Chinese textbooks.The full text is divided into five parts from the content:The first chapter is introduction,in which the background of the problem and the purpose,meaning and methods of researches are introduced.The second chapter is the comparison of the program objective about problem solving among China,the United States,and the United Kingdom,and analyzes them.The third chapter is the comparison of the type,quantity,and validity of the columns involved in the problem-solving ability of textbooks,and finds that the categories of textbooks in the United States are diversified,content explanations and practical activities exist at the same time,and the columns are also innovative.In contrast,the category of domestic textbooks and English textbooks are general,and effective space is far less than American textbooks.The fourth part is the main part of the this paper,which is the specific comparison of the textbook content from raising questions,analyzing problems,and solving problems.In addition to,case studies are also conducted on the theme modules to conduct comparative research in all directions.The following characteristics were discovered:In terms of discovering and proposing problems,the three countries use real life as the main background information.The background of the British experiment is relatively large.In the way of presentation,the American language is vividly depicted and the illustrations are bright and bright.The teaching materials of domestic teaching materials and English are Simple and straightforward.In the analysis of issues,the United States textbook exercises answering questions gradually,and with review and review steps,the application of physical ideas and methods of proficiency,mathematics knowledge has a column introduction;English textbooks over answers to the formulation of exercises,physical ideas and methods of less penetration,Mathematical knowledge has been supplemented;analysis of domestic textbooks is detailed,but there is no problem-solving strategy,physical ideas are displayed in explicit form,and mathematics knowledge is basically blank.In solving problems,there are a large number of exercises in the United States and the United Kingdom.Concept review and development activities are the main ones.After-school exercises for textbooks focus on the memorization and application of formulas.In experiments,most of the practical operations experiments in the United States are domestic textbooks and the United Kingdom.Teaching materials are based on regular verification experiments.The last chapter is the conclusion,which talks about the enlightenment from the comparison among the textbooks.What's more,there are three suggestions being proposed.Firstly,we should enrich the content of textbooks and pay attention to different fields.Secondly,we should add mathematics knowledge in the textbooks,and add the resolving strategies section.Finally,the proportion of extracurricular inquiry activities should be increased appropriately and enhance the guidance.