Measurement And Evaluation Studies On The Concept Of Chemical Experiment Of Junior School Students

Chemistry is a subject that is based on experiment and the most important way of chemical science studies is the experiment.The concept of chemical experiment is the one of the most important chemical basic concepts.At present,it have not been found that any research evaluated the development level of junior school students' concept of chemical experiment in the qualitative and quantitative way,so measurement and evaluation studies on the concept of chemical experiment is of great significance.The concept of chemical experiment is transformed into 3 first-level indicators and 11 second-level indicators.The evaluation index system is established by the basic knowledge and skills?the basic process and method and the basic principle and spirit of chemical experiment.We compile the assessment tool corresponding to the system and use a cluster sampling method to select 525 students as the sample.We use the methods and theories of educational statistics and SPSS statistical software to analyze the sample.Then we locate the development level of the chemical experiment concept?the teaching key points and difficult points of junior school students.And we can compare the differences in levels of different types of students and analyze the influencing factors.The conclusions of the study are as follows:(1)The reliability of the test is 0.78,the criterion-related validity is 0.77,the average difficulty is 0.30,and the average differentiation is 0.40.However,the reliability of the questionnaire is 0.82.The correlation coefficient between each dimension score and total score are 0.87?0.85?0.51?0.82 and 0.82.It can be seen that the assessment tools prepared in this study have rationality.The evaluation processand evaluation results also have certain accuracy.(2)The overall test scores of the sample were averagely divided into 71.04,with a standard deviation of 14.35,showing a normal distribution,and the development level of the chemical experiment concept is at the analysis level.Among them,the average score of urban schools was 73.47,with a standard deviation of14.16,showing a normal distribution,and it was at the level of analysis.However the average score of rural schools was 66.79,with a standard deviation of 13.71,showing a normal distribution too,but it was at the applied level,which did not reach the average level.(3)The important and difficult points of the first-level indexes in the urban schools and the rural schools are the same.They are the basic processes and methods of chemical experiments and the basic principles and spirit of chemical experiments.(4)At the level of confidence of 0.05,we draw the following conclusions: First,the development level of the chemical experiment concept of students in urban schools is significantly higher than that in rural schools.Second,the development level of girls is significantly higher than that of boys;Third,the development level of students with excellent academic performance is significantly higher than those with average academic performance,and the development level of students with average academic performance is significantly higher than those with poor academic performance.Fourth,the students whose career orientation is related to chemistry have a significantly higher development level of their experimental concept than those without vocational orientation.Fifth,the students whose parents have the high school or above diploma have a significantly higher development level than those whose parents have the below high school diploma.Sixth,the students whose current place of residence is urban or urban villages have a significantly higher level than those who currently live in rural areas.(5)The main reasons for the difference in the development level of the chemical experiment concept of different types of students are students' interest in learning chemistry,learning methods,motivations for learning,and the reasons for teachers' teaching and family education.According to the research results,the following recommendations are made for junior school students,parents,and teachers: First,junior school students should correct the motivations for learning chemical experiment,improve their interest in learning chemical experiment,and improve their learning methods so as to improve the development level of the experimental concept.Second,children should be supported by parents to use their creativity to do experiments in order to increase their interest in learning chemical experiments.At the same time,parents should also help children correct their learning motivation and form good learning methods.Third,teachers should try their best to allow students to personally operate the experiments and conduct experiments in small groups.At the same time,teachers must improve their own level of experimental concepts.In addition,they can enhance communication and learning with other middle school teachers and college teachers.Furthermore,teachers should teach different types of students in different ways according to the important and difficult points in the teaching process.The innovation lies in the first operation of the concept of chemical experiment as an evaluation index system,and the preparation of more scientific evaluation tools to quantitatively and qualitatively analyze the current status and influencing factors of the development level of chemical experiment concept of junior school students.It has a guiding significance for the teaching of chemical experiments.