Changes In US Basic Education Policy(2002-2015)

The United States has the tradition of constantly revising and improving education policies and regulations.Analyzing and summarizing the experience of the changes in basic education policy in the United States can bring inspiration to the formulation and improvement of China's basic education policy.From the "No Child Left Behind Act" in 2002 to the "Every Student Succeed Act" in 2005,the U.S.basic education's core policy has a larger tendency to change.lt is of theoretical and practical significance to probe into the changes in the core policy of U.S.basic education over the fourteen years and the main reasons for the changes and their implications for the development of basic education in our country.The existing researches in China and abroad are more in-depth description of the content of the legal text of "No Child Left Behind Act" and "Every Student Succeeds Law",and there are different degrees of influence on the practice of the previous law.Another recent document compares the two bills.But on the basis of critical discourse analysis,an in-depth analysis of the two core policies(including the series of amendments to the "No Child Left Behind Act")is conducted,and on this basis,the underlying causes and possibilities of the US basic education policy changes are thoroughly explored.Revelation more innovative.According to the critical discourse analysis paradigm,the study identifies the analytical framework for the basic education in the United States in terms of"theme-text-social context" and adopts historical institutionalism analysis and comparative study to study the basic education in the United States from 2002 to 2015 The four core bills of "No Child Left Behind Act","A Blueprint for Strengthening The No Child Left Behind Act","A Blueprint for Reform:The Reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act","Every Student Success Act" in the policy content were analyzed.Through the use of Wordsmith 4.0 software,the text analyzes the textual keywords,core keywords and their collocations of the four bill texts and further explains the specific contexts of policy texts.The study finds that the changes in the US basic education policy(2002-2015)are as follows:1.The content of education has shifted from the overemphasis on the core subjects that require examinations to more attention to the overall development of students;2.The standards for the quality of education are continuously improving;The method of education evaluation has gradually moved from a single performance appraisal to a diversified and scientific one.4.The education accountability system has changed from a heavy punishment in the past to a more emphasis on motivation;5.Education management has paid more attention to multiple participation,and has continuously expanded the community and parents' Participation;6.While continuing and deepening educational equity,it is also constantly improving the efficiency of the allocation of educational resources.Fairness and efficiency are two important factors that are considered in the development of basic education policies.In general,the two reforms of the basic education policy of the United States have revolved around two themes and focused on different points according to the needs of social and educational development in different periods.Educational policies are always based on a specific internal and external environment.The study finds that the basic education policy of the United States has undergone the above changes.From the perspective of internal and external environments,it is:1.The result of economic globalization and the United States'competition in the world economic structure;2.The United States decentralized system and the competition between the two parties The balance of powers;3.the need of the United States as a multicultural immigrant country to promote social justice;4.the need to ease the practical problems such as exam-oriented education encountered in the development of basic education in the United States;5.the mainstream value of the United States and the ever-evolving education The result of the concept of influence.In our country's development of basic education,there are also some problems in the reform of U.S.basic education policy.Therefore,the changes of basic education policy in the United States have the following enlightenment on the development of basic education in our country:1.In the educational content,we should choose the most appropriate content for individual development in a wide range of content;2.In education evaluation,we should effectively improve the quality of education,Emphasizing the use of "incentives" to encourage success;3.In education management,we should pay attention to the democratization of educational decision-making and respect the demands of various stakeholders.4.In the allocation of educational resources,attention should be paid to the balance of differences,and students of vulnerable groups should be given supportive policies to reduce the educational inequalities caused by differences in family background.