The Study Of Gender Discrimination In Rrban Women's Employment

Equality between men and women has always been a topic of concern to scholars,because the degree of equality reflects the degree of economic development and the progress of social civilization in a country.Many countries have advocated "equality between men and women" and formulated various policies to protect women's employment rights and promote equal employment opportunities for women and men.But can not be ignored is that gender discrimination between men and women in many countries in the world are more or less exist,gender discrimination not only led to the rights of women suffer a loss,but also reduces the discrimination of rights,is the waste of human capital,reducing the efficiency of the whole society,is not conducive to social stability and fair.On the premise of the continuous development of China's market economy,the phenomenon of sex discrimination has also attracted more and more attention and hot discussion.In this paper,the female employment situation as the research object,starting from the concept of discrimination and analysis of related theories,through literature research and data analysis,found that urban women in employment,wages,occupation into structure and job promotion and other discrimination by employers,showing the male preference,female employment competition.The cause of gender discrimination is rather complex.It is influenced by various factors such as women's own physiological causes,social traditional concepts,employers' pursuit of profit maximization and human capital investment.In the empirical part,first of all,using the ratio of employment of men and women in different occupations in urban areas from 2006 to 2015 and the ratio of employment of men and women in different occupations in cities and towns according to the degree of education,the degree of occupational segregation of urban women was calculated.The results show that from2006 to 2015,men and women There are occupational segregation of varying degrees,and under the same degree,the degree of segregation still exists.For the low-educated women,the segregation index shows an upward trend,while graduates and above,the degree of segregation decreases,which indicates that the increase in investment in education can Relieve gender discrimination;secondly use the number of female employees in different industries and industry average wages from 2006 to 2015 to calculate the industry's wage propensity index,and find that women's wages aregenerally lower than men's,women are distributed in industries with lower wages,and finally combined with 2004-2015 statistics on the employment of males and females,industrial fixed asset investment,and industry value-added in eight industries including manufacturing,wholesale and retail,accommodation,and catering,and using the CES production function,calculated the discriminatory coefficients for eight industries.Finally,it makes recommendations on gender discrimination: first,improve the laws and regulations,and the law must be followed;second,increase the investment in women's education;third,promote the concept of equality between men and women;fourth,encourage women to start their own businesses;fifth,develop women's advantageous industries;sixth,strengthen the supervision of industry employment mechanisms.