Gender Employment Discrimination Caused By The Two-Child Policy

In recent years,China's population structure has been widely concerned by the society and the academic community.The demographic structure problem has gradually emerged with the disappearance of the demographic dividend and the increase in the proportion of the elderly population.It has been highly valued by the government.China's birth policy has changed from'family planning' to 'two-child policy' since 2011,in which a couple can have two children in principle,to cope with the 'population aging'crisis that may occur in the future.At the same time,the issue of female employment discrimination is widespread in the labor market,which performed as equal pay for equal work,occupational segregation,welfare cuts or recruitment exclusion.The current academic research on female employment discrimination has a long history,and the relevant research evidence is very sufficient.The research on the two-child policy focuses on the female birth cost and the childbearing intention.However,the effect of the two-child policy on female employment discrimination is been studied.At present,no scholars have empirically analyzed that the two-child policy has an impact on women's employment discrimination.Only a few scholars have qualitatively analyzed this issue from the aspects of family relations,labor market,and legal system.Therefore,whether the two-child policy has increased the female employment discrimination is worth studying.This paper is based on the tracking data of China Family Tracking Survey(CFPS)from 2010 to 2016,using the theory of human capital,personal prejudice,statistical discrimination and crowding hypothesis,to heterogeneous description analysis the occupational segregation and gender income divergence.Then using the propensity score matching-double difference method(PSM-DID)to empirically analyze the net effect and dynamic effect of the two-child policy on female employment discrimination.The main conclusion of this paper is that with the implementation and continuous effectiveness of the two-child policy,the gender income gap in China is significant and expanding.The younger women in childbearing age and women of secondary education are under more affected;the occupational segregation of men and women is still serious.Women of childbearing age and women without higher education are more serious.According to the research conclusions,this paper recommends that the government should advocate the transformation of traditional gender concepts in the whole society,raising a gender-equality awareness,increasing special investment to build a platform for women employment promotion,reducing the burden on women to build a multi-party sharing mechanism for birth costs,and improving women's education level by both government support and individual investment.