The Research On The Frontier Normal Education During The Period Of The Nanjing National Government

The frontier normal education during the period of the Nanjing National Government obtained great development.It trained numbers of qualified teacher for frontier areas and promoted the modernization process of frontier education.Meanwhile,it laid the foundation at the development of frontier normal education for the People's Republic of China.Therefore,it has reference for the development of normal education and the organization of the faculty in the frontier areas of China to clarify the development course of the frontier normal education during the period of the Nanjing National Government,to analyze the influence and factors of the frontier normal education during the period of the Nanjing National Government and to summarize experiences and lessons.This study used literature method,historical research,comparative research and case study method to analyse roundly and thoroughly the development of the frontier normal education during the period of the Nanjing National Government.The first part mainly defines and reviews the relevant concepts and related fields.In addition,it explains research value and the method in this paper.The second part mainly discusses the specific conditions of the frontier normal education in the initial development stage(1927-1936)during the period of the Nanjing National Government,and makes case studies of National Suiyuan Mongolian normal school.The Nanjing National Government unified the political situation of the frontier.The national finance took a turn for the better.The frontier education lacked enough teachers.In that case,based on the concept of the Chinese nation,the Nanjing National Government set up frontier educational administration,formulated frontier normal education policy,set up frontier normal schools at all levels and frontier teacher training courses.These measures had made the frontier normal education develop preliminarily.The third part mainly discusses the specific conditions of the frontier normal education in the vigorous development stage(1937-1945)during the period of the Nanjing National Government,and makes case studies of National Guizhou normal school and National Northwest Normal College.During the War of Resistance Against Japan,the strategic position of the frontier had been promoted and many schools moved to the frontier.To adapt to the need of the Anti-Japanese War,the Nanjing National Government adjusted frontier educational administration and frontier normal education policy,set up many national frontier normal schools and national normal colleges.These measures had made the frontier normal education develop rapidly and successfully.The fourth part mainly discusses the specific conditions of the frontier normal education in the difficult development stage(1946-1949)during the period of the Nanjing National Government.After the victory of the war,the strategic position of the frontier had been declined,the domestic economy was in a mess and the Nanjing National Government acted to complete the educational demobilization.In that case,to continue to develop the frontier normal education,the Nanjing National Government tried to reform frontier educational administration,formulate the implementation plan of the frontier normal education in the next five years,improve the treatment of teachers and students in frontier normal schools,and set up more frontier normal schools.However,these measures were ineffective.The frontier normal education was in the development dilemma.The fifth part is mainly on the basic of the development of the frontier normal education during the period of the Nanjing National Government,to anlyses and sum up the characteristics of it.The characteristics of the frontier normal education during the period of the Nanjing National Government are that the frontier normal education system becomes more and more completed,its goal emphasizes the cultivation of national consciousness,its content pays attention to local conditions,its modes are diversified,the treatment of frontier normal students and frontier teachers continues increasing.However,the unrest social environment and the national government's national assimilation thought seriously hindered the development of the frontier normal education.Finally,there are four realistic enlightenments.We should strengthen the implementation of the frontier normal education policy,improve the frontier normal education mode,guarantee the treatment of teachers in frontier areas and respect the particularity of frontier teachers.