Research On Preschool-aged Children Survival Status And Policy Supply For That Poor Family

With the rapid social transformation and rapid economic development in China,the gap between the rich and the poor,the gap between urban and rural areas has been widened,and the poverty issue has attracted the attention of the government and scholars.When people talk about poverty and its impact on poor families,it is easy to overlook the impact of another important member of the poor family,the preschool children.When poverty hits the family,as a weak member of society and family,the preschool children in poor families are both the most influential and easily ignored.Pre-school is the initial stage of life,and the plight of the poor family influences the early experience of preschool children,which is related to the long-term development and happiness of one’s life.According to studies both at home and abroad,the impact on pre-school intervention is far beyond the other stages of life.In recent years,Chinese government workers and scholars have made many theoretical and practical explorations on preschool children in poor families.On the basis of previous studies,this study adopt the fieldwork methods,according to the theory of sustainable livelihoods and povertyculture theory as the theoretical analysis framework,and select the preschool children of 12 poor families in G village as research objects.This study analysis the preschool children’s survival situation in poor families of G village to reveal the essence of trouble,and discusses the effects and deficiencies of the existing policies on the supply of preschool children in poor families in the village,and finally puts forward some countermeasures and Suggestions for reference.This study mainly includes five aspects.The first part,introduction,including the question;Research on preschool children of poor families at home and abroad;The purpose and significance of the research and the research design;Define the relevant concepts.The second part is the selection of theory.According to the summary and review of the theories learned during the postgraduate period,choose the "sustainable livelihood theory" and "poverty cultural theory" in this study.The third part,This paper describes the plight of preschool children in poor families and analyzes the causes of children’s poverty from the basic condition of family livelihood resources and the basic survival condition of preschool children.Through the theory of sustainable livelihood,the research identified the vulnerability of preschool children in poverty includes objective vulnerability and their own subjective vulnerability.The analysis shows that poor families are faced with six problems: single natural environment and low per capita occupancy;Initial public infrastructure and domestic production facilities need to be improved;The family economic source channel is small,the industry income-generating ability is insufficient;Low labor quality and insufficient motivation of the family;Other social resources are scarce.At the same time,in the environment of poor families,the survival of pre-school children in families is in crisis.In the poor families,there’s a universal dilemma: the lack of children’s infrastructure and the quality of life;Poor health and increased risk of disease;Infant child-care concept lag and child care situation worrying;Family education has not been taken seriously and the quality of education is not high.The theory of poverty culture reveals another important factorthat affects the survival and development of preschool children,and expounds the plight of preschool children in poor families from the multidimensional level.Finally,it reveals the reasons for the plight of preschool children in poor families including the undeveloped characteristics of preschool children,"inherited" the negative effects of poverty in the family,the weak social support system,and the infiltration of the concept of poverty culture.The fourth part analyzes and evaluates the existing policy support system of preschool children in poor families.This paper discusses the effects of the existing education policy,health care policy and family planning service policy on the supply of preschool children in poor families.The existing policies to improve the survival and development of preschool children in poor families have ensured the survival and development rights of children,the right to speak for pre-school children in poor families,the emotional care,the alleviation of the family financial burden,and the improvement of the quality of life of preschool children in poor families.At the same time,there are some deficiencies in the implementation of the objective cause policy.There is no significant representation of the policy text in children.The classification and definition of the poor households are difficult to operate,the poor families themselves have low quality,the villagers have limitations on the policy understanding,and the cadre’s own business ability needs to be further strengthened.The fifth part puts forward the countermeasures and Suggestions.In view of the plight and actual demand of preschool children in poor families,and the deficiency of policy supply,Combining with the characteristics of policy intervention and the special needs of preschool children,this paper puts forward Suggestions for reference.First,we should improve the policy supply system from the perspective of children and protect the special needs of poor preschool children.Second,we need to strengthen the security policies of poor families and improve the policy support system for children in poor families.Third,we need to increase the investment in the early education,and improve the early education system policy.Fourth,improve medical and health standards and improvechildren’s medical care;Fifth,strengthen cultural poverty alleviation and break the inter-generational transmission of the curse;Sixth,the introduction of other social support channels to improve the supply system of poor children.