Research On The Influence Of "Artificial Intelligence" Technology Reform On Employment From The Perspective Of Marxism

The fourth technological revolution centering on artificial intelligence technology is underway.China,as the center of this technological revolution,has been affected most deeply and directly.The progress of artificial intelligence technology has both positive and negative impacts on society.This article focuses on the impact of artificial intelligence technology advancement on employment.It is guided by Marxist political economics and explores methods and measures for solving problems.First,this article briefly discusses the development of artificial intelligence.The development of artificial intelligence experienced two climaxes and two troughs.Now thanks to breakthroughs in big data and deep learning technologies,it has ushered in the third climax.The White House issued three consecutive artificial intelligence development reports for this purpose,highlighting the important strategic significance of the development of artificial intelligence technology.However,the development of artificial intelligence also brings with it new problem areas that require us to study and solve them.The development of artificial intelligence technology will create new industries,new departments,and new products.While creating new jobs,it will also employ some labor force that has been squeezed out of the original department.This is the employment creation and compensation effect of technological progress.However,due to technological advancement and improvement of machinery,a part of the labor force in the original production department will be crowded out and enter the labor market.Some of the production departments will be directly eliminated due to the emergence of new technologies and new products,and all jobs will be destroyed.This is the employment destruction and exclusion effect of technological progress.According to Marx's theory of "organic composition of capital" and the study of real data,we find that the effect of creating compensation for technological progress does not have the effect of hedging damage and crowding out and unemployment.As the number of unemployed people increases,the size of China's industrial reserve army gradually expands.The existence of the industrial reserve army is a double-edged sword.On the one hand,it can provide sufficient labor for the development of new technologies and new industries in China.On the other hand,the expansion of the industrial reserve forces will become a major uncertainty factor in social stability.Moreover,there is a mismatch between the labor supply of China's industrial reserve force and the labor demand for artificial intelligence technology advancement,and a mismatch between labor supply and demand.Therefore,we have also conducted research on the labor supply structure in China.Through the study of the quality structure and industrial structure of China'slabor supply,it has been found that the quality of labor supply in China is rising slowly and it cannot meet the demand for rapid development of artificial intelligence technology.The industrial structure is in the process of continuous optimization.The movement of the labor force in various industries is relatively smooth.After studying the organic composition of China's three major industrial capitals,it is found that there is still room for improvement in the quality structure and industrial structure of China's labor supply,and the labor supply structure needs to be upgraded.Finally,it proposes corresponding policy recommendations for the problem of unemployment caused by technological advancement,and the mismatch between the supply of the industry's reserve army and the demand for artificial intelligence labor,and provides a reference for the upgrading of the labor supply structure in China.