An Investigation On The Development Of Middle School Students’ "the Ideas Of Changes And Balance"

A new round of basic education curriculum reform guided by "core literacy" has begun.Chemical core literacy is an important part for core literacy.It is a necessary means to cultivate and deepen the students." Chemistry core literacy is divided into " Identification of macro and micro analysis "," The ideas of changes and balance "," Evidence reasoning and model recognition "," Experimental exploration and innovation”,“Scientific attiitude and social responsibility " in the general high school chemistry curriculum standard(2017)"."The ideas of changes and balance " explain the basic problem--matter and change.It guides the implementation of the task of Chemistry and It is the key to train and develop chemical core literacy.Core literacy emphasizes the comprehensive performance.Based on the interpretation of "The ideas of changes and balance " by Professor Wang Lei and the level of discipline core literacy in high school chemistry curriculum standards(2017),we identify "The nature of chemical reaction","Energy change of chemical reaction","Chemical reaction rate","Chemical equilibrium" and "Direction of chemical reaction" as the components of "The ideas of changes and balance " and divided requirements.Then we compiled a test and investigated in Linfen Experimental Middle School.Through this investigation,the following four conclusions are reached:(1)The overall development is moderate and each element of "The ideas of changes and balance " is imbanlance.The development of“The nature”and “Chemical reaction rate”is better.The development of “Energy change”and “Direction of chemical reaction” is general.“Chemical equilibrium” is the worst.(2)"The ideas of changes and balance " showed a trend.The development in the first grade is the best,and the overall trend is decreasing.And then,the senior year pick up slightly.(3)With the growth of grades,"The nature of chemical reaction" for students is getting more and more thorough.The each dimension of "Energy change of chemical reaction" is a step upward trend,and students are consciously able to understand the energy changes from the nature of chemical reactions.On the development of “Chemical reaction rate”,most of the students stay in the lower level of quantitative calculation and qualitative understanding.It is the primary issue to establish a balance on "Chemical equilibrium".Then students lack the conditional understanding for chemical direction.In order to improve "The ideas of changes and balance " for middle school students,the researcher puts forword the following suggestions: Firstly,we should pay close attention to the cohesive relationship between factors,and gradually improve the basic structure of subjects.Secondly,handle the cross relationship between the elements and deepen "The ideas of changes and balance ".Thirdly,teachers should create situations in class and solve problems by using chemical core literacy.Lastly,Renew educational concept and achieve the goal---promoting core literacy.