Effects Of Floorball Training On Physical Fitness And Fundamental Motor Skills For Boys With Moderate To Severe Intellectual Disability

Objective: In 2016,the Global Burden of Disease(GBD)reported that the number of people with mental retardation has reached 94.673 million.The latest data of China shows that the number of people with mental retardation also reaches 5.68 million.Among the disabled students in school,students with mental retardation account for the largest proportion.Compared with students with mild mental retardation,students with moderate or severe mental retardation need continuous and maximum range of support in their study and daily life,resulting in less opportunities for their activity participation,lower level of physical activity and function of various systems of the body,and more backward motor development.Floorball is also known as "dry ice hockey" or "soft hockey",its action technique contains a lot of chasing run,stop,avoid rivals interception and displacement motor skills such as cross or skip the rival clubs,also includes hand-held cue ball control,passing and shooting object motions,the movement of the may of mental retardation students' fitness and produce beneficial impact on the development of basic motor skills,but the domestic and foreign related empirical studies are scarce.Based on this,this study explores the 16 weeks floorball training on physical fitness and fundamental motor skills in students with moderate to severe intellectual disability in order to establish the evidence that floorball training in students with intellectual disability was reliable basis as well as provide interventions for reference for those to improve fitness and fundamental motor skills.Methods: 26 boys with moderate to severe intellectual disability aged 9-12 years were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group,including 14 boys in the experimental group with an average age of 11.00 ±1.52 years.The average age of 12 subjects in the control group was 11.08 ±1.51 years.The experimental group completed 45 minutes of floorball training twice a week for a period of 16 weeks,while the control group carried out the original routine physical education activities and maintained the original habits during the same period of time.Test indicators: fitness evaluation indicators include: body composition(height,weight),the upper body strength(grip),core strength(1 minute sit-ups),lower limbs strength,vertical jump,balance could stand on one foot,sensitive(1-minute jump across),coordinate(1-minute skip rope)and flexibility;Gross Motor development-2(tgmd-2)was used as the evaluation index of basic Motor skills.Data analysis: independent sample T test was used to analyze whether there were differences between the experimental group and the control group in the baseline period(pre-test),and 2*2 repeated measurement anova was used to analyze the intra-group and inter-group effects of the data before and after the intervention of the experimental group and the control group.Results:(1)The independent sample T-test showed that there was no significant difference in physical fitness and basic motor skills between the experimental group and the control group(P>0.05).Repetitive measure analysis of variance(2)2 * 2 find fitness test index of the lower limbs strength,balance,agility and coordination,the experimental group before and after test data have significant difference(P < 0.05),more than control group in addition to coordinating indicators before and after the test data of difference is significant(P < 0.05),and other indicators of differences were not significant(P > 0.05),the mean value of each index measuring results after implementation group were higher than that of control group,and have significant difference(P < 0.05).Repetitive measure analysis of variance(3)2 * 2 basic motor skills tests,found that both displacement skills score,control score and total score of basic motor skills,the experimental group and the control group had significant difference before and after test data(P < 0.05),and the experimental group and control group after the test results also have significant difference(P < 0.05).Specifically,displacement of experimental skills of hop,step forward slip and slide and control skills of in situ bounce the ball,his hands to catch and fixed hit the ball before and after test significant difference(P < 0.05),the control group no significant difference before and after test(P < 0.05),after scoring average of test results to achieve group were higher than that of control group,and have significant difference(P < 0.05).Conclusion:(1)after 16 weeks of intervention,the improvement of physical fitness of students with moderate to severe mental retardation is mainly reflected in muscle strength especially lower limb strength,balance,sensitivity and coordination.(2)after 16 weeks intervention,fundamental motor skills of students with moderate to severe ID was improved.In locomotor skills,the standing long jump,hop and slip skill was improved significantly,while in the control skills,stationary dribble;striking a stationary ball and catch were significantly improved compared with control group.