Effects Of 10-week Soccer Activity On Health-related Physical Fitness And Fundamental Motor Skills For Boys With Mild Intellectual Disabilities

Objective: People with intellectual disability have poor physical health,high obesity rate,significantly lower cardiopulmonary function,muscle function and flexibility than ordinary people,and the development of fundamental motor skills is slow,which is not conducive to their daily life in the future.Soccer,also known as "Cu Ju" in ancient China,is a comprehensive sport that integrates complex variability and fierce confrontation.Compared with other sports,it has its unique significance and value for the physical and psychological development of teenagers.It not only includes acceleration running,chasing running,stopping and jumping and other locomotor skills,but also includes shooting,throwing,passing and catching and other control skills.Students not only exercise their bodies,but also improve their fundamental motor skills.In addition,soccer is easy to practice,easy to carry out,interesting strong characteristics of soccer has a huge numbers lover.The sport event may have positive effects on the health-related physical fitness and fundamental motor skills of students with mild intellectual disability.Based on this,this study explored the effects of 10-week soccer training on the health-related physical fitness and fundamental motor skills of children with mild intellectual disability,in order to enrich the related research on sports intervention of special population,and provide a reference intervention means for the development of health-related physical fitness and fundamental motor skills of children with mild intellectual disability.Methods: In this study,32 boys aged 10-12 with mild intellectual disability were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group,including 16 boys in the experimental group and 16 boys in the control group.The intervention cycle of the experimental group was 10 weeks,twice a week,35 minutes each time,the intervention content was soccer training.The control group completed the school course normally within the same intervention time,and kept the original living habits.Test indicators: health-related physical fitness: body composition(height,weight,BMI),cardiopulmonary function(20-meter round trip),muscle strength and endurance(grip strength,1-minute sit-ups,vertical jump),flexibility(new sit and reach);Fundamental motor skills(Test of Gross Motor Development-2,TGMD-2).Data analysis: independent sample T test was used to analyze whether there was any difference between the experimental group and the control group in the pretest;The data of experimental group and control group after intervention were analyzed by repeated measure anova,and to analysis the intra-group effects and inter-group effects.Results :(1)according to the T test results of independent samples,there was no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in the indicators of fitness and fundamental motor skills(P>,0.05).(2)According to the results of repeated measurement variance,therewas a significant difference in the posttest data of aerobic endurance between the experimental group and the control group(P<0.05),while there was no significant difference in the posttest data of lower limb strength(P>0.05).There was a significant difference in the data of lower limb strength and aerobic endurance before and after the test group(P<0.05),while there was no significant difference in the data of lower limb strength and aerobic endurance before and after the test group(P>0.05).(3)according to the results of repeated measurement variance,the total score of TGMD,total score of locomotor skill and total score of object control skill of the experimental group and the control group were significantly different in post-test results(P<0.05).The total score of TGMD,total score of locomotor skills and total score of object control skills in the experimental group showed significant difference before and after the test(P<0.05),while the total score of TGMD and total score of locomotor skills in the control group showed significant difference before and after the test(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in total score of object control skills(P>0.05).There was a significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in the posttest results of five skills: standing long jump,jumping on one foot,catching the ball,throwing the ball overhand and rolling the ball(P < 0.05).In the experimental group,there was a significant difference between the test before and after the 5skills of standing long jump,hop,stationary dribble,overhand throwing and ground ball(P<0.05).Conclusion:(1)after 10 weeks of soccer intervention,the improvement of health-related physical fitness in boys with mild intellectual disability was mainly reflected in muscle strength and endurance(lower limb strength)and cardiopulmonary function.(2)after 10 weeks of soccer intervention,the improvement of the fundamental motor skills of boys with mild intellectual disability was mainly reflected in the five skills of standing long jump,hop,stationary dribble,throw and rolling the ball.