A Study On The Gender Difference Of The Return To Higher Education In China

The level of economic and social development of a country depends to a certain extent on the development of education in this country,in which higher education plays an important role.Since the reform and opening up,from elite education to popular education,China's higher education has experienced a rapid development process.The government has always attached importance to the development of education,and regards "rejuvenating the country through science and education" as the main development strategy of our country.Higher education as an important part of the educational system,it provides an important talent support for our country's economic development and scientific research and technological innovation.With the transformation and development of China's economic system,The labor market is also showing a new trend of development,higher education as an investment activity,whether its social and personal benefits are worthy of investment has become a topic of general concern for the society and scholars.According to statistics,there were 8.2 million ordinary college graduates in 2018,most of these graduates will go to the labor market.At present,the labor market of our country has gradually changed from the planned economy system to the market economy system,but it is still in the early stage of a market economy,the elements are not fully mature,the development and operation of the labor market is not mature and standardized.Education and gender play a growing role in income distribution in the labor market which cause the problem of income disparity get more and more attention.Employment opportunities for men and women in the labor market due to discrimination and wage inequality are becoming increasingly prominent,this is not conducive to the construction of a harmonious socialist society and has a potential impact on the unity and stability of the society.How to further alleviate or even eliminate the sex difference in the labor market under the market economic system in order to make the market operate efficiently become a major problem to be solved urgently.This paper takes the higher education group as the research object and analyzes the difference of the return to education between the sexes from the perspective of empirical analysis.Based on the data of Chinese General Social Survey in 2010 and 2015,this paper analyzes the return to higher education in China with the help of STATA12.0 software,using the basic and extended Mincer income equation.We can find out the relevant situation of the return to higher education in our country at present.According to the situation,the author puts forward some advice and suggestions,hoping that the social development of our country can be more harmonious and fair.This paper mainly adopts the empirical analysis method and the comparative research method,through analyzing and comparing the empirical results,we can get the relevant results.This article consists of five chapters.The first chapter is the introduction,which introduces the background and significance of the topic,expounds the research results of the domestic and foreign scholars on the return to education,and determines the research contents and methods of this paper,and points out the innovation and deficiency of the article.The second chapter explains relevant concepts and theories.The third chapter introduces the formula needed for the article,that is,Mincer income equation,introduces the data source of the article,makes a simple selection and processing of the data,and briefly describes related measurement problem.The fourth chapter describes the statistics of the processed data and the empirical results of the return on higher education obtained from the regression of the basic and extended Mincer income equation.Higher education returns for all samples in 2010 and 2015 were 30.8%and 20.4%,respectively;in 2010,the return on education for men and women was 29.1%and 32.0%,respectively;in 2015,the return to education for men and women was 18.6%and 22.6%,respectively.In the fifth chapter,according to the results of the analysis,some countermeasures and suggestions for reference are put forward from the current actual situation.The results show that the wage income of the individual increases with the increase of education.The return to education is different for different genders.The return to education of women is higher than that of men,which indicates that the labor market is sex difference to some extent.As women's years of schooling increase,the discrimination they face in the labour market will ease.Education affects women's income more than men's,and it is an important way for women to raise their personal income.It can be seen that the education level of women not only affects the wage income of women,but also affects the social status of women and the degree of attention they receive in the labor market to some extent.Finally,based on the above analysis results,this paper gives the following suggestions:Increase multi-level investment in education,improve the education level of the people;Strengthen the construction of legal system,advocate gender equality in employment;Enhance the sense of corporate social responsibility,promote the harmonious development of the employment market;Enhance one's own human capital,increase their social competitiveness.