The Content Difficulty Ofmainstream Physics Textbooksin Senior Middle Schools Ofchinaand Americaquantitative Comparative Study

In high school physics education,textbooks are the main resources of education.For a long time,the curriculum of primary and secondary school students in our country is too difficult and the burden of schoolwork is too heavy.Therefore,we should analyze the difficulty of textbooks in detail.Studying the content difficulty of textbooks is an effective way to promote the reform of textbooks,and it is also an era requirement to enhance the learnability of textbooks so as to cultivate students' learning ability.By defining the concepts of textbook and difficulty of textbook,this paper analyses the current research situation of difficulty of textbook,and concludes the factors affecting the content difficulty of textbook,such as the breadth and abstraction of content,the difficulty of test questions and exercises,and the quantification of content,and constructs the evaluation index of difficulty of textbook.After the index is established,the overall framework index is designed,and the validity of each index is tested through content validity index screening.At last,the weight of each index is allocated by expert consultation method and analytic hierarchy process.The reliability of the index system is tested by expert evaluation results of different groups.The reliability of the index system is preliminarily verified and the physics teaching in senior high school is basically constructed.The evaluation index system of textbook content difficulty.In order to make the research representative and reflect the specific problems profoundly in the application of the evaluation index system of the content difficulty of textbooks,the textbooks of Physics: Principles and Problems published by the Chinese Educational Press and the textbooks of the United States are chosen as representatives,and the two important parts of the high school are selected as the specific contents: mechanics and electromagnetics.Quantitative assignment of selected textbooks and contents is made,and thedifficulty is synthesized and calculated.Difficulty analysis compares the content difficulty differences and causes of the two editions of textbooks from three aspects: content breadth,content depth and content quantification degree.Corresponding suggestions are put forward,which further confirms the scientific validity of the evaluation index system in the content difficulty of textbooks.In this paper,a set of basic and complete methodological system has been formed for extracting the influencing factors of the content difficulty of textbooks and constructing and testing the content difficulty evaluation.But in the field of the content difficulty of physics textbooks,it is only a simple beginning.Not only the evaluation methods need further examination and revision,but also the methods need to be further expanded.There are still many aspects.It is worth exploring.