Analysis Of The Influence Of Population Aging On Income Gap

Although China's economy is developing rapidly,the gini coefficient is still above 0.40 and there is a large gap in income distribution.Aging is also a difficult problem facing China's social development at the present stage.In 2017,the proportion of the elderly population over 65 years old in China was 1.40%,which is far higher than the internationally recognized aging standard.China is a country with a large population.The study on the relationship between population aging and income gap can provide Suggestions for optimizing the population age structure and promoting the fairness of income distribution.In the introduction,this paper first introduces the research background and significance,and then reviews the relevant research of domestic and foreign scholars.On this basis,the research ideas of this paper are determined,and the research frame diagram is drawn according to the research ideas.Finally,combined with the previous research,this paper points out innovations and deficiencies.In the part of theoretical basis and influence mechanism analysis,this paper introduces relevant theories of aging and resident income gap,and introduces a statistical framework to analyze the influence mechanism of aging on resident income gap.Theoretically,it is speculated that the aging population may increase the income gap,and the reasons for the aging population may increase the income gap are analyzed from three aspects,including the family structure,the income sources of the elderly population and external factors.In the status quo analysis part,this paper summarizes several characteristics of aging from the perspective of data,analyzes the status quo of income gap from three aspects of urban-rural income gap,urban internal income gap and rural internal income gap,and combines economic factors and policy factors to explain the status quo of aging and income gap.In the empirical analysis part,this paper first adopts the grouping weighting method,and calculates the gini coefficient based on the income grouping data of provinces,municipalities and autonomous regions.The panel model of the whole country was established based on the panel data of provinces from 1995 to 2016,to explore whether the national aging has an impact on the income gap of residents.Then,the panel regression of the east,the central and the western regions was conducted respectively to compare the regression results of the eas,the central and the western regions,and to explore whether there are regional differences in the impact of the aging population on the income gap.At the same time,variables reflecting the aging at the bottom and the aging at the top were added into the model to further exqplore the source of the impact of aging on the income gap of residents.Considering the possible endogenous problems in the model,this paper also conducted endogenous tests on the fixed-effect model,and the results showed that there were no endogenous variables in the fixed-effect model.In the part of conclusions and policy Suggestions,this paper summarizes the research conclusions of current situation analysis and empirical analysis,and the research results show that:China's population aging level is high,the speed is fast,there are differences between urban and rural areas and regional differences.The aging level in rural areas is higher than that in urban areas,and the aging level in central and eastern China is higher than that in western China.The income growth rate and stability of the hight income group are stronger than that of the low income group.The national aging has a significant positive impact on the income gap,and the source of the impact is the top aging rather than the bottom aging.There are regional differences in the impact of aging on the income gap between residents.The aging in the east and the middle of the country widens the income gap,while the aging in the west has no significant impact on the income gap.In addition,the regression results of the control variables in this paper verify that the relationship between the economic development level and income gap of the whole country and each region conforms to the inverted"U"hypothesis,and find that the change of China's population,unemployment,foreign trade,medical and health level and industrial structure has a significant impact on the income gap of residents.Finally,combined with the research conclusions,this paper puts forward some Suggestions,such as paying attention to the rural pension problems,improving the rural pension system,and building a reasonable pension model.