A Regional Comparative Study On The Impact Of Human Capital Investment On Urban-rural Income Gap

Over the past 40 years of reform and opening up,great changes have taken place in our economy and people's lives.But behind this,there is a fact that the gap between urban and rural human capital investment and income is not balanced.This paper studies the impact of human capital investment on the income gap between urban and rural areas in the eastern,central and Western regions,which is of positive significance for promoting the healthy and coordinated development between regions and between urban and rural areas in China.On the basis of reviewing the relevant literature at home and abroad,this paper expounds the mechanism of the influence of regional human capital investment on the regional income gap between urban and rural areas.The variables of human capital investment are measured by per capita education expenditure,per capita medical expenditure and per capita migration expenditure.The income gap between urban and rural areas is measured by the ratio of urban and rural income.Then,according to these indicators,the present situation of human capital investment and income gap between urban and rural areas in eastern,central and western regions is analyzed.Finally,the panel model is used for empirical analysis.Through empirical analysis,the following conclusions are drawn: from the overall point of view,urban and rural medical investment,education and migration investment are important factors affecting the income gap between urban and rural areas,and urban and rural per capita medical expenditure,education expenditure and migration expenditure are positively correlated with urban and rural income gap;in the ratio of urban and rural per capita medical,education and migration expenditure,urban and rural per capita migration expenditure is higher than urban and rural income.Income gap has the smallest impact.From the micro point of view,the ratio of per capita medical expenditure between urban and rural areas in the central region has the greatest impact on the urban-rural income gap;the ratio of per capita educational expenditure between urban and rural areas in the western region has the greatest impact on the urban-rural income gap;and the ratio of per capita migration expenditure between urban and rural areas in the Eastern.Therefore,in order to narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas in theeastern,central and Western regions,we should improve the medical and health security system;increase investment in education to promote the accumulation of human capital;establish a reasonable mechanism for the flow of talents;construct a system for the development protection of rural human resources and the transfer protection of rural human capital;and accelerate the process of industrialization in all regions.