Study On The Influence Of Rural Residents' Education Level On Income Level

In recent years,China's national economy has developed rapidly,the people's income level has been greatly improved,and the urbanization construction has achieved remarkable results.Behind the simultaneous growth of the urban and rural economy,the inequality of income of residents is still severe,and the income level of rural residents is far lower than that of cities and towns.The development of the countryside has always been the focus of national policy and academic research.The issue of “agriculture,rural areas and farmers” has become the top priority of the work of the whole party.To achieve the further development of the rural economy,the primary task is to raise the income level of rural residents.The educational level of rural residents is an important factor affecting their income level.Domestic and foreign scholars have done a lot of research on this field.Most of the research is based on Schultz human capital theory,which considers education as human capital as a factor of production.An important component is the higher the level of income when the labor force is educated.In addition to the impact on income,education is one of the factors that promote agricultural economic development,rural construction and rationalization of industrial structure.Some scholars also believe that education and income levels are inversely U-shaped,that is,when the contribution of education to income reaches a certain level,the two will be negatively correlated.But the inverted U theory is currently a hypothesis about the rate of return on education,and there is not enough evidence to prove that this theory is true.In the existing research literature,some scholars have made a comparative analysis of urban and rural education return rate,and some scholars have made a comparative study of male and female education return rate.However,there are obvious differences in educational concepts and gender concepts between urban and rural areas in China.At the same time,the research on the rate of return on education which distinguishes urban and rural areas from gender is not enough.Using the whole village survey project of Qian cun Bai xian of Zhongyuan Development Research Institute of Henan University,taking Henan Province as an example,the author explores the relationship between rural residents' income level and education level,and makes a comparative study of male and female rural residents' samples.Firstly,this paper combs and studies the theories and literature about the impact of education on income at home and abroad,establishes the basic framework of human capital theory,and deduces the influence mechanism of rural residents' educational level on their income level,family and social level.Subsequently,the sample data were preliminarily described,and it was found that the income level of rural residents was related to factors such as education level and gender.Next,taking rural residents' total income in 2016 as dependent variable,education level as explanatory variable,adding control variables such as gender and workplace,the OLS model is established,and regression analysis of the model and data is made with Stata software.Then,tool variables are added to solve the endogenous problems of the explanatory variables in the model.The results show that the education level of rural residents is significantly correlated with their income level and has a positive impact.Gender,age,industry and workplace are closely related to their income.Consistent with expectations,the income level of men in rural residents is higher than that of women,and the education level of women is higher than that of men in general,and the educational return rate of female samples is slightly higher than that of men,but the difference of educational return rate is significantly smaller than that of the existing literature.Finally,according to the data combing and empirical analysis,the author puts forward some policy suggestions on how to improve the education level of rural residents,aiming at the rural residents themselves and the government level respectively.It is believed that it has certain guiding significance and helps to improve the education level and income level of rural residents to a certain extent.According to the theory of human capital,the cost of education investment will be compensated with higher income in the future.Therefore,rural residents need to change their educational concept and pay more attention to education.Besides traditional education,they should pay more attention to vocational training in order to acquire more skills that meet the needs of production.At the government level,first of all,we should increase the publicity efforts to improve the enthusiasm of rural residents to receive education.We also need to increase the support for rural education,and further invest in infrastructure construction,grant popularization and teacher training.In the short term,the allocation of educational resources in urban and rural areas should be rationally inclined to the rural areas,so as to narrow the gap between the educational level and income level of urban and rural residents.In view of gender differences,the government should take measures to eliminate gender discrimination in wages and treatment,and encourage the enthusiasm of all rural residents to receive education to the greatest extent.