Research On Equity Among Different Income Groups Of High-speed Railway In China

The goal of high-speed rail is to pursue efficiency and fairness,promote the free flow of people and resources,and optimize the allocation.However,with the construction of high-speed railway,on the one hand,the rapid transportation of high-speed railway replaces or stops some normal speed trains,which only forces some passengers to take the high-speed railway with higher ticket prices.On the other hand,the punctuality of high-speed trains is based on the premise of sacrificing the punctuality of some ordinary trains,which forces passengers with high time requirements or need to transfer to choose high-speed trains.However,in the face of a large number of middle-income and low-income passengers,the capacity of ordinary speed trains cannot fully meet their travel needs,so they have to sacrifice their daily life quality to bear the cost of transportation or choose more dangerous and crowded public transportation,which is unfair or inefficient.Therefore,this paper studies the fairness of high-speed rail among different income groups and the causes of the problems,so as to reduce the differences and discrimination in traffic rights caused by income.Based on the existing research results,this paper studies the degree of differences in group equity of high-speed rail.By sending questionnaires online,a total of 954 valid questionnaires were obtained,among which 833 sample groups took the high-speed railway in the recent year.According to different incomes,the group is divided into five categories:high-income group,upper-middle-income group,middle-income group,lower-middle-income group and low-income group.By means of generalized travel cost deprivation coefficient,gini coefficient,descriptive statistics and structural equation model,the fairness degree of high-speed rail group was measured from three perspectives of rule equity,opportunity equity and result equity.Finally,the following conclusions are drawn:(1)in terms of rule fairness,the lower the income group is,the higher the cost deprivation coefficient is,that is,the current fare rules are considered unfair.(2)in terms of equal opportunities,the latest year not to take the 121 samples of high-speed rail travel because there is no high MTR station near 24%and 31%of the population that the fare is too expensive,for not set high near the MTR station and low income can't afford losing choose high ticket prices of high-speed rail travel chance of the people is not fair,For those who travel by high-speed rail,the choice of taking high-speed rail is fair.(3)in terms of the fairness of results,the higher the income group,the higher the satisfaction with high-speed rail;The factor that has the greatest influence on the result equity is service factor.The higher the service level is,the higher the satisfaction degree of the group will be.