Research On The Cultivation Of Mathematical Core Literacy Based On Polya's Problem-solving Method

Problem-solving teaching has always been a part of high school mathematics teaching.American mathematician Polya is a famous mathematician and mathematics educator.His English version of "How to Solve it" was published in 1944."How to solve it" has received extensive attention in China and has greatly promoted the cause of mathematics education in China.According to relevant information at home and abroad,the Polya problem-solving table is conducive to the improvement of students' problem-solving ability both in metacognitive and practical aspects.After the Ministry of Education proposed core literacy in 2014,and after defining the definition of core literacy in 2016,the connection between mathematical core literacy and problem-solving teaching has attracted the attention of experts and scholars.In the CNKI search for "mathematical core literacy" and "solving problems",a total of 71 papers were searched,published in 2016 to 2019.Among the 71 articles,most of the authors are working high school teachers.This shows that the high school teachers urgently need specific methods to cultivate the core literacy of mathematics in the process of solving the problem,and put the theory of core literacy to the ground.The related problems of mathematics core literacy are the hotspots of current research.The Polya problem solving table is the classic result in the problem solving field,and the in-service teachers need to cultivate the core literacy of mathematics in the process of solving the problem.The above three points make the combination of math core literacy and Polya problem solving table very valuable.In first chapter,we introduce the research status of Polya problem-solving table and mathematical core literacy.In second chapter,we explain the main ideas,objectives,and each question in the table of the problem solving list,link some examples to questions in the table,and have selected some of the topics from the college entrance examination questions to suggest and analyze them with the Polya problem-solving table.According to the analysis,the cultivation of mathematical abstract literacy and mathematical modeling literacy is mainly in the understanding of the topic stage.Mathematical analysis and intuitive imagination literacy aremainly in the retrospective stage.The cultivation of logical reasoning literacy is mainly in the planning stage.The cultivation of mathematical literacy is mainly at the stage of formulating the program and implementing the program.In third chapter,we use the questionnaire to understand the current situation of high school students' problem solving,and understands the degree of coincidence between the problem-solving condition and Polya problem-solving table of most high school students.In order to cultivate students' mathematical core literacy,in the four stages of the Polya problem-solving table,students should pay attention to classifying the topic information,combining numbers and forms,and paying attention to the original knowledge base.In fourth chapter,we use the two students' winter vacation time to conduct a case study of two students,thus verifying whether the second and third chapters of the wave based on the theory of Polya's problem solving cultures have a reference for the cultivation of mathematical core literacy,and found that During the implementation process,students were found to have too much contact information,resulting in faster forgetting after class.Therefore,students should be urged to develop the habit of taking notes.In fifth chapter,we sort out the teaching strategies proposed in the first four chapters according to the analysis results of the first four chapters and the ideas of the Polya's problem-solving table,and divide the problem-solving process into four stages.In the stage of understanding the topic,we should pay attention to the knowledge base of students and emphasize the combination of information classification and number combination.In the formulation of the program,the original level of knowledge should be emphasized and the inspiration should be emphasized.In the implementation phase,We should emphasize the logic and clarify the unknown.In the retrospective stage,we should explore a variety of solutions,promote deformation topics,and draw a knowledge framework.The sixth chapter,we summary the research conclusions of this paper,find the shortcomings,and consider the next research plan.