New Intellectuals And Rural Transformation

Since the end of the Qing Dynasty,under the impact of the spread of Western learning to the east,there has been an unprecedented crisis in the culture of maintaining the traditional society.As the basis of Chinese society,the countryside also encounters cultural dilemma.In addition to the active promotion of rural transformation by state power,gentry and non-governmental organizations,the new intellectuals spread "new culture","new ideas" and "new ideas" to rural society through educational and cultural activities,in order to build a new rural culture,shape the new personality of villagers and promote the process of rural modernization.Based on the educational activities of Nanshe and its members,this paper investigates the cultural actions of the new intellectuals in the rural construction of Jiangnan in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China,in order to reveal the cultural and moral forces in the social transformation of rural China in this period.The second part discusses the members of Nanshe Society and rural women's education.Liu Yazi's feminist ideology involves politics,culture,education,marriage and other aspects,which embodies the women's view of equality between men and women in Nanshe.These intellectuals devoted to establishing rural women's schools.The Su Women's School and the Lize Women's School were the typical ones,which embodied the new demands of Nanshe people for the establishment of rural women's schools.In addition,Nanshe women are new women coming out of the boudoir.They receive new education,highlight the sense of independence,call for women's liberation,and actively promote the transformation of rural ethics and customs.The third part is to inspect the news of Xinnanshe intellectuals and Wujiang towns.The new public cultural space in modern times-the rise of newspapers and magazines,together with the new education,has become an important channel for new culture and new moral communication.The Xinnanshe intellectuals in the Wujiang area used the newspaper industry as their activity base to introduce new ideas and actively carry out activities to enlighten the people's wisdom through the press.From the perspective of education,newspapers and periodicals themselves can be regarded as the textbooks of social education,with the important functions of "governing by the masses" and "collective education".Xinnanshe newspapers guide,demonstrate and educate the villagers through news newspapers to develop new ethics.The fourth part discusses the members of Xinnanshe and the rural literacy movement.In the 1920 s,the trend of civilian education in Wujiang Town was soaring.New South Society members and local new intellectuals were committed to the literacy movement and other civilian education.They took the lead in setting up popular speech groups and popular education centers in Shengze and Lili.Night school,making efforts for the universal education of the town,has become an important thrust for modern education to infiltrate the rural society.Finally,the paper summarizes the characteristics of the new intellectuals in rural reconstruction.New-style intellectuals are modern intellectuals brought up by new learning,people who meet the ups and downs of new and old cultures,and new forces of rural transformation in modern Jiangnan.Through a series of new cultural enlightenment and educational activities,they can improve the old customs,cultivate new culture and promote the reconstruction of rural culture and morality.