| OBJECTIVE: At present,the problem of population aging in China is becoming more and more serious.How to guarantee the daily life and self-care ability of the elderly is an urgent problem to be solved.At present,the main reason for the increase of the disability rate of the elderly is the occurrence of falls.The obvious decline of human motor function and the decline of walking and other self-care abilities with the increase of age are the basic reasons for the fall of the elderly.In this paper,through the measurements of plantar pressure and gait analysis of the elderly at different ages,the distribution law of plantar pressure parameters is explored.To find out the age-related characteristics of plantar pressure in the elderly.METHODS: Data of static and dynamic plantar pressure parameters were collected by SENSOR MEDICA plantar pressure distribution test system and GAIA KIKO human body composition analyzer in 90 elderly people of different ages,including 25 aged 60-64(group A),26 aged 65-69(group B)and 39 aged over 70(group C).Through SPSS22.0software,the experimental data of the left and right foot in the same age group and the same foot in different age groups were tested by independent sample T test and one-way ANOVA.The indexes were expressed by means of mean±standard deviation.RESULTS:(1)In static state,the maximum plantar pressure of group C and group A had significant characteristics(left foot P<0.05,right foot P<0.01);(2)In dynamic distribution of plantar pressure area,the medial and lateral heels of group A had significant differences(P<0.01);the medial and lateral heels of group B had significant differences(P<0.01),and the left and right heels of MH4 region had significant differences(P<0.01).There were significant differences between the left and right heels in group C(P<0.01),and between the left and right heels in MH 4 and MH 5(P<0.05).There were significant differences in MH 4 area of left foot between group C and group A(P<0.05);significant differences in MH 2 area of left foot between group C and group B(P<0.05);significant differences in T1,MH 1,MH 2 and MH 3 area of right foot(P<0.01);(3)There were no significant differences in impulse between left foot and right foot in group A;significant differences in MH 4 area between left foot and right foot in group B(P<0.05),andsignificant differences in MH 5 area.There were significant differences between group C and MH5(P<0.01),group B and group A in MH5(P<0.05);(4)In the contact area between sole and ground,group A had significant differences between left and right feet in MH1(P<0.05),group B had significant differences between left and right feet in MH1(P<0.05),and group B had significant differences between left and right feet in MH5(P<0.05).There was significant difference in the area between left and right feet(P<0.01).The area between left and right feet in group C was significantly different in MH2 area(P<0.05).The area between left and right feet in areas T2-5,MH1 and MH5 was significantly different(P<0.01).The area of MH5 in group B was larger than that in group A.There was significant difference between the two groups(P<0.05).The area of T1 in group C was larger than that in group A,and the area of T1 in two groups was larger than that in group A.There was significant difference(P<0.05).(5)The percentage of left forefoot landing stage and left toe tip landing stage in group A was higher than that in group C(P<0.05),and the percentage of right forefoot landing stage in group A was higher than that in group B(P<0.05).(6)There were significant differences in MH5 area between left and right feet in group A,T2-5 area and MH5 area in group B and MH1 and MH5 area in group C.(7)The contact area of MH5 area of left foot in group A was significantly different at different speeds,but there was no difference in other age groups.Walking speed had little effect on the contact area between sole and ground.(8)At different speeds,there was no significant difference in the standard values of plantar pressure peak values among different age groups,indicating that the standard values of plantar pressure peak values were less affected by walking speed.(9)There were significant differences between normal speed and fast speed in MH2 area of left foot,MH3 area of right foot and lateral area of right heel in group A,and the impulse of fast walking was less than that of normal walking;there were significant differences between normal speed and fast speed in lateral area of left heel and medial area of right heel in group B,and there were significant differences between MH4 area of left foot and lateral area of right heel in MH5 area of left foot,and both of them were impulse of fast walking.In group C,there were significant differences in the MH2 area of left foot,the medial area of right heel in lateral area of heel,and the MH1 area of left foot.The impulse of fastwalking was less than that of normal walking.In group A and B,the areas with greater impulse in fast walking were MH3 and lateral heel,in group C,the areas with larger impulse in left foot were T1 and MH3,and in right foot were T1 and MH1.With the increase of age and walking speed,the elderly tended to lean forward.It is suggested that the elderly should choose suitable sports shoes when walking fast and vigorously,and consciously.Exercise the muscle strength of the metatarsal region of the foot in order to reduce the foot injury.CONCLUSION:(1)By analyzing the static plantar parameters of the elderly in different age groups,it is found that the right foot axis angle of the elderly is larger than the left foot,and the difference increases with age.Therefore,it can be concluded that the center of gravity of the elderly shifts to the right with age.(2)Through the study of the standard value of the peak plantar pressure,the area of the plantar regions and impulse of the elderly,it is found that with the increase of age,the stability of the body of the elderly decreases,and the buffer capacity of the plantar weakens.Especially for the elderly over70 years old,the ability to maintain the stability of the body decreases significantly.(3)Through the analysis of the data of the proportion of the sole support period of the elderly in each period,it is found that with the increase of age,the posture control ability of the elderly decreases,and the body center of mass decreases.(4)Through the analysis of the standard value of the peak plantar pressure,the area of plantar regions and the impulse of plantar regions,it is concluded that the change of walking speed has a great influence on the impulse of plantar regions.When walking fast,the body of the elderly tends to lean forward,leading to the forward movement of the center of gravity of the body and easy to cause falls. |
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