A Comparative Study On The Approach Toward Learning Of Senior Kindergarteners In Urban And Rural Areas From The Perspective Of Ecology

At present,the theme of learning is lifelong learning.Approach toward learning as for the basic quality that relates to learning behavior such as learning attitude,learning habits and learning method,begins to appear and develops in preschool period and plays an important role in children's now and future learning.Ecology provides a new research perspective and method for us to study the approach toward learning of children.The dual structure of urban and rural areas leads to the disadvantaged position of rural preschool education in China.Therefore,the author carries out a study on the differences between urban and rural preschool education,hoping to rich the theoretical study on approach toward learning and arouse the attention of the society to the development of rural preschool education by a new research perspective.This study investigates and compares the development of the approach toward learning of senior kindergarteners in urban and rural areas of L City by questionnaire,interview and observation.It can be found through the research that:(1)The approach toward learning of senior kindergarteners is generally in the upper middle level in L City.(2)There are differences in the scores of each dimension of the approach toward learning of senior kindergarteners in L City and their ranking from high to low is:initiative,curiosity and interest,imagination and creation,concentration,persistence,introspection and explanation.(3)There are no significant differences in the six dimensions of approach toward learning among senior kindergarteners of different genders in L City.(4)The approach toward learning of senior kindergarteners presents a higher level in urban areas,and the approach toward learning of senior kindergarteners is on the upper side in rural areas.In urban and rural areas of L City,the difference of the approach toward learning of senior kindergarteners is significant.Based on the results of the survey,this study analyzes the reasons for the significant differences of the approach toward learning of senior kindergarteners between urban and rural areas from the perspective of Ecology:(1)The urban and rural children appear to individual differences in the process of growth and development.(2)The gap of the family education implementation of the urban and rural children is obvious.(3)There is a huge gap between hardware facilities and software construction in urban and rural kindergartens.(4)There are great differences in the richness of the external world between urban and rural children.(5)The dual structure of urban and rural areas restricts the development of rural preschool education.(6)Cultural heterogeneity between urban and rural areas leads to obvious differences in the current situation of education development between urban and rural areas.At last,this studybased on Bronfenbrenner's Ecology of Human Development and Cremin's Ecology of Education,puts forward suggestions on how to cultivate children's approach toward learning from five levels: microsystem,mesosystem,exosystem,macrosystem and chronosystem.(1)Microsystem——Attach importance to family education,Strengthen the construction of teachers and Make effective use of community resources.(2)Mesosystem——Home,garden and community are three in one,and pay close attention to the cultivation of children's approach toward learning.(3)Exosystem——Coordinating urban and rural development,adopting "compensatory education" to narrow the gap between urban and rural areas.(4)Macrosystem——Integrating regional cultural resources in urban and rural areas to create a fair development environment for urban and rural education.(5)Chronosystem——Respect the law of children's physical and mental development and pay attention to children's growth and development.