Research On The Survival Dilemma Of "Migrant Farmers" From A Structural Perspective

This paper is aimed at those who leave their hometown and enter the urban suburb to lease the living conditions of the group of farmers.In contrast to migrant workers who leave their hometown for work in cities,these farmers who go to cities for farming are called "migrant farmers" by the academic circle.They leave their homes and land,but they come to the cities and lease other people's land.This unique pattern of geographic and identity dislocation was difficult to begin with and has not improved over the decades of development.Previous studies on this issue have shown a split between structural subject and individualism.Moreover,the overall study tends to be static,failing to take into account the dynamic changes of farmers.Therefore,this paper conducts a two-month practice survey on a group of "migrant farmers" from H village in southern Anhui province to understand their decades of experience as "migrant farmers",and then analyzes this issue from the perspective of structural theory.Firstly,this paper summarizes the investigation process and collected cases,and then,in order to further understand the "migrant farmers" in H village,gives a preliminary description of their specific development.Secondly,this paper summarizes the survival dilemma of "migrant farmers" as "marginal survival",mainly from the two aspects of marginalized social integration and market entry dilemma.In terms of social integration,"migrant farmers" present a dilemma that it is difficult to integrate into urban local society.In this paper,it can be summarized as the marginalization of social integration,that is,in social integration,"migrant farmers" are outside the local social system,and it is difficult to locate their own structural position and make effective use of the social structure and their own resources.It can be divided into two aspects: the marginalization of living place and the marginalization of educational resources.In terms of market access,"migrant farmers" have to face up to market risks because they no longer operate in the traditional way of small farmers in rural areas,but need to enter the market by themselves.Specifically,it can be divided into two aspects: the contradiction between large-scale planting and small-scale farmers' production mode,and the lack of effective organization of "migrant farmers" in the face of the market,resulting in the weak position of "migrant farmers" in the market transaction through individual forms.Thirdly,after analyzing and summarizing the survival dilemma of these farmers,this paper tries to analyze the formation of the dilemma from a structural perspective.Therefore,according to the guidance of the theory,the author will first examine the external structural factors and internal main factors that affect the living conditions of "migrant farmers ".The external structural factors refer to the "rules" and "resources" repeatedly used in the reproduction process of the social system.This paper divides them into two major rules,namely the household registration system and agricultural policies,and two major resources,namely agricultural infrastructure and social exclusion.The internal subject factor refers to the farmers' own factors as the subject of behavior,including their objective ability level mainly based on human capital and social capital,and their subjective development intention mainly based on the pursuit of "house" and "children".Finally,structural theory is applied to analyze the formation mechanism of the survival dilemma of "migrant farmers".The actual restriction of the social structure on the living conditions of "migrant farmers",the dynamic response of "migrant farmers" through their own conditions,and the survival dilemma of "migrant farmers" formed in the process.This paper analyzes the practical experience through the structural theory,and tries to provide new ideas for solving the problem of "migrant farmers" survival dilemma.