The Dimensional Features And Teaching Strategies Of Chemistry Tests In College Entrance Examination By The Perspective Of Core Literacy

As the fundamental task of “Morality Education” in basic education has been put forward and implemented,the problems of what and how to cultivate become particularly prominent.In 2014,the "Opinions on Comprehensively Deepening the Curriculum Reform and Implementing the Fundamental Tasks of Morality Education" issued by the Ministry of Education pointed out that the core literacy of students should be developed,and the research on the core literacy of high school students should be strengthened.The college entrance examination evaluation system with "one core","four levels" and "four wings" as the core has changed the way of college entrance examination evaluation from a single evaluation "examination content" mode to evaluating "examination content","examination requirements" and "examination carrier" three-dimensional model,creatively realizes the new concept of " value leadership,literacy orientation,ability-oriented,knowledge-based " of the college entrance examination evaluation system.In order to implement the requirements of the chemistry curriculum standards,college entrance examination chemistry test questions should accurately grasp the relationship between literacy,questions,situations,and knowledge,to combine with the evaluation system of the college entrance examination.The question setting mode,content and situation of college entrance examination chemistry test questions should be based on the "one core",check the core value,discipline literacy,key capabilities,and necessary knowledge,emphasizing the basic,practical,comprehensive and innovative of test questions.Therefore,a series of questions such like whether the chemistry exam in college entrance examination actually reflect the core accomplishment of chemistry,how to reflect the chemistry core literacy,and what are the characteristics of the questions which reflect the core accomplishment of chemistry are worthy of discussed and analysised.this article starts from the concept of the college entrance examination evaluation system,builds an evaluation framework based on core literacy in chemistry,adopts literature research,text research,statistical analysis,induction and so on to comprehensively analyze the examination requirements,test situation,knowledge content,academic quality level,and subject ability of the chemistry test questions in2019 National College Entrance Examination Syntheses ?,? and ?,based on the characteristics of thechemistry test questions of the college entrance examination in each dimension,put forward the teaching strategy in this dimension and put forward the teaching strategy corresponding with the comprehensive development of the core literacy of chemistry,the main conclusions are as follows:1.college entrance examination principle of chemical ?,?,? volume better embody the connotation of core literacy in 2019,The examination of macroscopic identification and microscopic analysis dimension,the concept of change and balance,evidential reasoning and model cognition dimension,Scientific inquiry and innovation awareness dimension are balanced,national ? volume focuses on examination of evidence reasoning and model recognition literacy test most,accounting for31.8% of the test paper;National ? volume focuses on examination of evidence reasoning and model recognition literacy test most,accounting for 28.83% of the test paper;National ? volume examination on identification of macro and micro analysis dimension,most accounting for 28.9% of the test paper.Scientific attitude and social responsibility dimension were slightly less of the three papers,accounting for4.65%,5.08% and 4.68% respectively.From the content of the test,chemical ?,?,? volume in 2019 mainly involves chemistry discipline characteristic and the basic research methods,Basic concepts and theories of chemistry,common organic substances and their applications,common inorganic substances and their applications,basis of chemical experiments,basis of organic chemistry,structure and properties of substances.From the perspective of the situation,it is mainly reflected in the development of chemistry and living society,the development of frontier disciplines,the development of chemical technology,and the development of chemical experiments.From the point of view of the actual problems of the test,it well embodies the basic,comprehensive,innovative and innovative of test questions.2.The characteristics of the college entrance examination chemistry test that reflects the core accomplishment including: focus on examining the basic knowledge,emphasis on the principle of reaction,emphasis on logical deduction,focus on chemical experiments,and real situations.3.Cultivation strategies for each dimension of chemical core literacy:(1)Macroscopic identification and microscopic analysis dimension: grasp the level of knowledge and pay attention to the core concepts of the discipline;turn "micro" into "macro" with visual tools;use the triple representation method to cultivate "macro-micro combination" concept.(2)Changing ideas and balancing thoughts dimension: pay attention to the overall teaching,establish a systematic thinking model;break the thinkingset,highlight the discipline of thinking and methods;build a real situation,and make the principles of chemistry be deeply understand.(3)Evidence reasoning and model cognition dimension: pay attention to theoretical practice and expand the development of higher-order thinking;explore the internal laws and construct cognitive models;use mind maps to cultivate logical thinking ability.(4)Scientific inquiry and innovation awareness dimension: attach importance to textbook experiments and deeply understand the experimental principles;strengthen the experimental inquiry awareness and cultivate a rigorous scientific research attitude;open experimental school-based courses to expand students' knowledge horizons.(5)Scientific attitude and social responsibility dimension: implementing the task with Morality Education based on the nature of chemical science;pay attention to the situational integration and build up the consciousness of appreciating chemistry.4.Comprehensive development of core literacy teaching strategies:(1)Studying the curriculum standards and strengthen the core literacy of the subject.(2)Paying attention to the development of the frontiers of chemistry and highlight the characteristics of the discipline.(3)Establishing a teaching evaluation mechanism and implement the integration of teaching evaluation.