The Study On The Returning Actions Of High-Educated Youth From The Perspective Of Rational Choice Theory

In recent years,with the promotion of New Urbanization and Rural Revitalization Strategy,some highly-educated youth choose to return to hometown for employment.Why do those well-educated young people return to work?How do they return to work?Although the academic circles have conducted preliminary studies on it,most of the existing studies are macro countermeasures to attract college students to return home for employment,or stay at the description level of such topics as the willingness of college students to return home.rare researches combined macro with micro perspectives,to explore the practical action logic of returning highly-educated youth for employment,and the interaction between individual employment actions and macro social environment.From the perspective of rational choice theory,this study focuses on the highly educated groups among the returned employment youth,and analyzes their returning action logic by using the framework of rational choice analysis.In the process of research implementation,we selected the highly educated youth who returned to F County in Ganzhou City,and used qualitative research methods as in-depth interview to collect experience data.The core point of rational choice theory is to summarize the social system behaviors at the macro level through the study of individual behaviors at the micro level,and rationally explain the purposive actions.Although high-education youth choose to return to their hometowns for employment is personal behavior,it also reflect the social mobility of high-education youth at the macro level.Therefore,this study starts from the micro level of returning employment action,and draws the following conclusions:The action of returning to hometown for employment is a kind of rational action.Based on the purpose of maximizing personal interests,the highly-educated youth rationally consider the related factors.Under the influence of social system and structure,they control their own resource distribution to achieve the purpose that returning to hometown for employment.The personal interests pursued by the returned youth with high education are to obtain long-term development opportunities,to satisfy job-searching preferences,to undertake marriage and family responsibilities,and to meet their own emotional needs.In order to maximize their personal interests,the returned highly-educated youth improve their personal strength by controlling their own valuable resources,namely their own human capital and social capital,so as to achieve the action that returning home for employment.In addition,the rational behavior of actors is affected by the scarcity of resources and institutional factors.Institutional factors include the policy guidance of the state that encourage youth to obtain grass-roots employment,the incentive of local government employment preferential policies,the implicit exclusion from the city and the employment market arrangement with fierce competition,meanwhile,the system plays a dual role of positive encouragement and negative restriction.In the face of the encouragement and restriction of the system and structure,the returned young people seek the best employment choice to maximize their own interests.Therefore,the action that returning to hometown for employment is not only the individual action at the micro level,but also a kind of rational choice under the influence of the current social system and structure.Actually,it is the result of the interaction between the individual rationality and the social system and structure.